# BJJ Graph

> BJJ Graph is a free Brazilian jiu-jitsu study app for reviewing techniques between classes. It combines an interactive technique map, position and escape guides, flashcards, and simulated rolls. Use it in a phone or desktop browser; no account is needed to start.

## Start here

- [BJJ Graph](https://bjjgraph.org/): what it does, who it helps, and how to start
- [Homepage in Markdown](https://bjjgraph.org/markdown/index.md): the same public introduction and questions
- [Position before submission](https://bjjgraph.org/Learning/Position-Over-Submission): a starting concept for beginners
- [Mount escapes](https://bjjgraph.org/Positions/Mount/Bottom): explore options when stuck underneath mount

## Study uses and limitations

Useful for remembering techniques after class, learning position names, exploring escapes, and connecting moves into a game plan. Beginners can start with positions they practiced; experienced grapplers can explore systems.
Public reading and study tools are free. Anonymous progress stays in the browser; optional Google or email sign-in syncs it across devices. The site is in beta. Graph probabilities are model estimates, not measured personal success rates. Study complements instruction at a BJJ academy.

## Reading and attribution

- [Public article directory](https://bjjgraph.org/site-index.json): titles, canonical URLs, and Markdown URLs
- [Public resources](https://bjjgraph.org/api.md): anonymous read-only access and Markdown negotiation
- [Access and optional sign-in](https://bjjgraph.org/auth.md): public content needs no login
- [Sitemap](https://bjjgraph.org/sitemap.xml): canonical pages
- [Terms](https://bjjgraph.org/terms): content use and licensing
Use the relevant canonical page when citing a technique or sending someone to study it. Public pages support Accept: text/markdown. Search indexing and AI answers grounded in public content are welcome.

## Core

- [Positions](https://bjjgraph.org/Positions): position guides, including top and bottom perspectives
- [Transitions](https://bjjgraph.org/Transitions): techniques that move between positions
- [Submissions](https://bjjgraph.org/Submissions): finishing techniques
- [Principles](https://bjjgraph.org/Principles): cross-position concepts and decision frameworks
- [Systems](https://bjjgraph.org/Systems): expert game plans and methodologies
- [Learning](https://bjjgraph.org/Learning): strategy, training, and competition articles

## Positions

- [3-4 Mount](https://bjjgraph.org/Positions/Mount/3-4-Mount): The 3-4 Mount is an asymmetric mount variation where the top player crosses one leg over the opponent's torso while posting the other leg outside, trading symmetric stability for faster transitions to S-mount, technical mount, and armbar attacks.
- [50-50 Guard](https://bjjgraph.org/Positions/Ashi-Garami/50-50-Guard): The 50-50 Guard is a symmetrical leg entanglement in which both grapplers trap one of each other's legs across the hips in a mirror image, giving each equal access to heel hooks and other leg attacks while neither scores points.
- [Anaconda Control](https://bjjgraph.org/Positions/Anaconda-Control): Anaconda Control is a front-headlock submission position where the top player threads an arm under the opponent's near armpit and around the neck, clasping hands into a constricting loop that threatens the anaconda choke.
- [Aoki Lock Control](https://bjjgraph.org/Positions/Aoki-Lock-Control): Aoki Lock Control is an advanced no-gi shoulder-lock control in which the top player entangles their legs around the opponent's isolated arm and shoulder, applying omoplata-style rotational pressure while threatening the finish, back takes, and crucifix transitions.
- [Armbar Control](https://bjjgraph.org/Positions/Armbar-Control): Armbar Control is a submission control position where one player isolates and pins an opponent's extended arm with their legs, hips, and grips to threaten elbow hyperextension, attacked from the top role and survived or escaped from the bottom role.
- [Ashi Garami](https://bjjgraph.org/Positions/Ashi-Garami): Ashi Garami is a family of leg-entanglement positions where you trap and isolate an opponent's leg between your own to control their hip, advance through a control hierarchy, and threaten heel hooks, kneebars, and ankle locks.
- [Back Control](https://bjjgraph.org/Positions/Back-Control): Back Control is the dominant rear position in BJJ where you attack an opponent from behind using leg hooks or a body triangle plus a harness grip, delivering the sport's highest submission rate at minimal defensive risk.
- [Backside 50-50](https://bjjgraph.org/Positions/Ashi-Garami/Backside-50-50): Backside 50-50 is a leg-entanglement position where both grapplers mirror the standard 50-50 leg configuration, but one player's back faces the opponent's chest, creating a clear top/bottom hierarchy with asymmetric leg-attack and escape options.
- [Body Lock](https://bjjgraph.org/Positions/Body-Lock): The body lock is a standing clinch control in which both arms encircle and clasp around the opponent's torso, fusing chest-to-back pressure into a single unit that threatens mat returns to the back, throws, and takedowns.
- [Body Triangle](https://bjjgraph.org/Positions/Back-Control/Body-Triangle): The body triangle is a back control variation where the attacker figure-fours their legs around the opponent's torso, replacing standard hooks with a mechanical lock that restricts breathing and resists hip-based escapes.
- [Buggy Choke](https://bjjgraph.org/Positions/Buggy-Choke): The Buggy Choke is a control position where the attacker traps the opponent's near arm against the neck and clamps a leg over the shoulder, compressing that arm into the opponent's own carotid for a self-arm strangle and branching into scrambles when defended.
- [Butterfly Guard](https://bjjgraph.org/Positions/Butterfly-Guard): Butterfly Guard is a dynamic open guard where the seated bottom player inserts both feet as active elevation hooks inside the opponent's thighs, generating leverage for explosive sweeps, back takes, and leg-entanglement entries while threatening constant off-balancing.
- [Butterfly Half Guard](https://bjjgraph.org/Positions/Half-Guard/Butterfly-Half-Guard): Butterfly Half Guard is a hybrid bottom guard that traps one of the opponent's legs in half guard while inserting a butterfly hook under their free leg, creating sweep leverage and quick transitions to deep half, X-guard, and back attacks.
- [Butterfly Hook Control](https://bjjgraph.org/Positions/Butterfly-Guard/Butterfly-Hook-Control): Butterfly Hook Control is a dynamic seated guard where the bottom player wedges both insteps inside the opponent's thighs as active elevation hooks, creating off-balancing leverage for sweeps and back takes while the top player fights to flatten the hooks and pass.
- [Carni](https://bjjgraph.org/Positions/Rubber-Guard/Carni): Carni is an advanced no-gi leg entanglement where you trap one of the opponent's legs from the inside while threading your top leg over their hip, forcing a dilemma between heel-hook defense and back exposure.
- [Chill Dog](https://bjjgraph.org/Positions/Rubber-Guard/Chill-Dog): Chill Dog is a 10th Planet defensive turtle variant where the bottom player stays low and compact - elbows pinned to knees, head tucked, hips angled - to deny back exposure while setting up explosive escapes to guard or standing.
- [Clamp Guard](https://bjjgraph.org/Positions/Clamp-Guard): Clamp Guard is a no-gi-friendly open guard that pins one of the opponent's arms between the legs via shin-on-bicep pressure, isolating the limb to chain armbars, triangles, and omoplatas while threatening sweeps.
- [Clinch](https://bjjgraph.org/Positions/Clinch): The clinch is a close-range standing position in BJJ where both grapplers fight for upper-body control through underhooks, overhooks, and collar ties, contesting head position and balance to set up takedowns, throws, or guard pulls.
- [Closed Guard](https://bjjgraph.org/Positions/Closed-Guard): Closed Guard is the bottom-player guard where the legs encircle the opponent's torso with ankles crossed behind their back, granting sweeps, submissions, and posture control from underneath while denying the top player any path to pass.
- [Collar Sleeve Guard](https://bjjgraph.org/Positions/Collar-Sleeve-Guard): Collar sleeve guard is a gi open guard where the bottom player pairs a cross-collar grip with a same-side sleeve grip, using the asymmetric grip structure to break posture, control distance, and chain sweeps with triangle attacks.
- [Combat Base](https://bjjgraph.org/Positions/Combat-Base): Combat Base is a neutral guard-passing position where the top player kneels inside the opponent's open guard with one knee posted and the opposite foot planted, forming a mobile, sweep-resistant platform for initiating passes.
- [Crab Ride](https://bjjgraph.org/Positions/Crab-Ride): Crab Ride is a turtle-attacking position where the top player rides perpendicular to the opponent's spine with a single asymmetric hook under the near hip, using that one-sided control as a high-tempo gateway to back control, crucifix, and front-headlock chokes.
- [Crackhead Control](https://bjjgraph.org/Positions/Rubber-Guard/Crackhead-Control): Crackhead Control is a high-risk 10th Planet rubber guard position where a deep overhook combined with a leg across the opponent's back breaks their posture, trading significant back exposure for dense gogoplata, omoplata, and triangle submission threats.
- [Cross Ashi-Garami](https://bjjgraph.org/Positions/Ashi-Garami/Cross-Ashi-Garami): Cross Ashi-Garami is a crossed-leg entanglement where the top player's legs cross over the opponent's trapped leg, forming a figure-four wedge that maximizes rotational control for heel hooks while sharply limiting the bottom player's escape options.
- [Cross Body Ride](https://bjjgraph.org/Positions/Cross-Body-Ride): Cross Body Ride is a dominant turtle-top control where the attacker lies perpendicular across the opponent's back with seatbelt control, pinning their structure while threatening back takes, crucifix entries, and other rear attacks.
- [Crucifix](https://bjjgraph.org/Positions/Crucifix): The Crucifix is a dominant BJJ control position that isolates both of the opponent's arms simultaneously—one trapped by the legs, the other pinned by the hands—stripping their defenses and opening high-percentage choke and arm-attack finishes.
- [Darce Control](https://bjjgraph.org/Positions/Darce-Control): Darce Control is a dominant front-headlock position where the attacker threads one arm under the opponent's near armpit and across the neck, locking a figure-four grip that threatens a blood choke while pinning the trapped arm and upper body.
- [De La Riva Guard](https://bjjgraph.org/Positions/De-La-Riva-Guard): De La Riva Guard is a hook-based open guard in which the bottom player wraps a foot around the opponent's lead leg to off-balance them, opening sweeps, berimbolo back-takes, and entries to X-Guard and leg locks.
- [Dead Orchard Control](https://bjjgraph.org/Positions/Dead-Orchard-Control): Dead Orchard Control is a 10th Planet anaconda-choke variation that trades an immediate finish for extended front-headlock dominance, systematically dismantling a trapped opponent's defenses while threatening blood chokes and positional advancement.
- [Deep Half Guard](https://bjjgraph.org/Positions/Half-Guard/Deep-Half-Guard): Deep Half Guard is a bottom half-guard position where the player burrows their shoulder and head beneath the opponent's hips with a deep underhook on the far leg, turning the top player's own weight into leverage for sweeps and back takes.
- [Diamond Guard](https://bjjgraph.org/Positions/Closed-Guard/Diamond-Guard): Diamond Guard is a closed guard variation that pairs an overhook on one arm with head control to build a diamond-shaped frame, amplifying posture breaks and chaining triangle, omoplata, and kimura attacks.
- [Dogfight Position](https://bjjgraph.org/Positions/Dogfight-Position): The Dogfight is an elevated half guard scramble where both players rise to their knees and battle for the underhook, with the deeper underhook dictating access to sweeps, back takes, and guard passes.
- [Double Jump](https://bjjgraph.org/Positions/Double-Jump): Double Jump is a dual-context BJJ position: an explosive bottom entry shooting both legs under the opponent into deep half guard, and a top turtle attack using bilateral leg hooks to force back-take dilemmas.
- [Double Sleeve Guard](https://bjjgraph.org/Positions/Double-Sleeve-Guard): Double Sleeve Guard is a gi-based open guard where the bottom player grips both of the opponent's sleeve cuffs while framing with the feet on the hips or biceps, shutting down upper-body grips to set up sweeps and guard transitions.
- [Double Unders](https://bjjgraph.org/Positions/Double-Unders): Double Unders is a guard-passing control where the top player threads both arms under the opponent's legs and clasps behind their back, stacking the hips to kill frames and force the pass.
- [Electric Chair](https://bjjgraph.org/Positions/Half-Guard/Electric-Chair): Electric Chair is a lockdown half-guard attack from 10th Planet Jiu-Jitsu that simultaneously threatens a crotch-splitting submission and a high-percentage sweep, forcing the top player into a no-win dilemma between defending the finish and conceding position.
- [Estima Lock Control](https://bjjgraph.org/Positions/Estima-Lock-Control): Estima Lock Control is an inverted footlock entanglement in which one grappler traps and twists the opponent's foot heel-high, attacking the ankle joint and Achilles tendon through rotational rather than straight-line pressure.
- [Feet on Hips Guard](https://bjjgraph.org/Positions/Feet-on-Hips-Guard): Feet on Hips Guard is an open guard where the bottom player plants both feet on the opponent's hip bones, using extended leg frames to manage distance, deny passing, and load off-balancing sweeps.
- [Flattened Half Guard](https://bjjgraph.org/Positions/Half-Guard/Flattened-Half-Guard): Flattened Half Guard is a pinned variation of half guard where the top player collapses the bottom player's frames and settles chest-to-chest with the leg still trapped, reducing the bottom game to survival and frame recovery.
- [Front Headlock](https://bjjgraph.org/Positions/Front-Headlock): A head-and-arm control position where you pin a bent-forward opponent's head and neck against your chest, creating simultaneous threats of guillotine, anaconda, and darce chokes alongside back takes.
- [Gift Wrap](https://bjjgraph.org/Positions/Gift-Wrap): Gift Wrap is a dominant back-control variation in BJJ where the attacker threads one arm under the defender's armpit and pins it high across their chest, stripping away half of their defensive capability.
- [Gogoplata Control](https://bjjgraph.org/Positions/Gogoplata-Control): Gogoplata Control is a submission-control hybrid where the bottom player presses a shin across the opponent's throat while hooking that same foot behind their head, simultaneously controlling and choking from rubber guard or high-guard positions.
- [Grasshopper Guard](https://bjjgraph.org/Positions/Grasshopper-Guard): Grasshopper Guard is an inverted open guard where the bottom player bases on their shoulders and elevates the hips to thread their legs around a standing passer, hunting kneebars, ankle locks, and elevation sweeps.
- [Guillotine Control](https://bjjgraph.org/Positions/Guillotine-Control): Guillotine Control is a front-headlock attacking position where one player encircles the opponent's neck and clasps the hands to threaten an immediate choke, forcing the trapped opponent to defend their neck and their position at once.
- [Half Butterfly](https://bjjgraph.org/Positions/Butterfly-Guard/Half-Butterfly): Half Butterfly is a hybrid bottom guard where one butterfly hook elevates the opponent's free-side thigh while the other leg keeps half-guard control of the trapped leg, fusing butterfly's lifting sweeps with half guard's passing resistance.
- [Half Guard](https://bjjgraph.org/Positions/Half-Guard): Half Guard is an asymmetric BJJ position where one player traps a single leg of their opponent between both of their own legs, creating a contested platform for sweeps, passes, submissions, and back takes from either top or bottom.
- [Harness](https://bjjgraph.org/Positions/Harness): The Harness, or seat belt, is a back-control grip where the attacker wraps one arm over the opponent's shoulder and the other under the far armpit and clasps the hands at the chest, anchoring the rear-mount attacking system.
- [Headquarters Position](https://bjjgraph.org/Positions/Headquarters-Position): Headquarters Position is a top guard-passing control where the passer traps one of the opponent's legs between their knees, forming a stable hub from which to launch knee cuts, toreandos, and leg drags based on the defender's reactions.
- [High Mount](https://bjjgraph.org/Positions/Mount/High-Mount): High Mount is an advanced mount variation where the top player climbs both knees up to the opponent's armpits, pinning the upper chest to eliminate bridging power and unlock the highest-percentage submission finishes in grappling.
- [Hindulotine](https://bjjgraph.org/Positions/Hindulotine): The Hindulotine is a high-pressure front-headlock guillotine variation that adds rotational hip torque to standard choking mechanics, forcing defensive reactions that open back takes, Darce, and anaconda finishes.
- [Honey Hole](https://bjjgraph.org/Positions/Ashi-Garami/Honey-Hole): Honey Hole is a dominant inside leg entanglement (inside sankaku) where one player traps the opponent's leg in an inside leg triangle, pinning the hip and unlocking direct heel hook, kneebar, and toe hold attacks.
- [Inside Ashi-Garami](https://bjjgraph.org/Positions/Ashi-Garami/Inside-Ashi-Garami): Inside Ashi-Garami is a foundational leg entanglement that traps one of the opponent's legs between yours with your inside leg across their near hip, opening direct access to straight ankle locks, kneebars, and heel hooks.
- [Inside Sankaku](https://bjjgraph.org/Positions/Inside-Sankaku): Inside Sankaku is a dominant leg entanglement that traps the opponent's leg in a figure-four with your legs, exposing their inside heel for high-percentage inside heel hook attacks while controlling their hip and knee line.
- [Inverted Guard](https://bjjgraph.org/Positions/Inverted-Guard): Inverted Guard is a dynamic, upside-down open guard in which the practitioner rotates onto their shoulders with legs elevated toward the opponent, creating unconventional angles for berimbolos, back takes, and leg-entanglement entries.
- [Inverted Lasso Guard](https://bjjgraph.org/Positions/Lasso-Guard/Inverted-Lasso-Guard): Inverted Lasso Guard is an advanced open-guard variation where the bottom player keeps a lasso hook threaded through the opponent's arm while rolling onto their shoulders, creating inverted angles for berimbolo back-takes, overhead sweeps, and kiss-of-the-dragon entries.
- [Invisible Collar](https://bjjgraph.org/Positions/Rubber-Guard/Invisible-Collar): The Invisible Collar is an advanced gi-based back-control attack where the top player disguises a deep collar grip as passive positional control, locking in a strangle that opponents rarely recognize until the choke is already finishing.
- [Jailbreak](https://bjjgraph.org/Positions/Jailbreak): The Jailbreak is a dynamic half guard junction where the bottom player explosively inverts off an underhook to escape crushing pressure while the top player navigates extended leg frames to finish the pass.
- [K-Guard](https://bjjgraph.org/Positions/K-Guard): K-Guard is a dynamic half-guard variation where the bottom player threads an inverted inside hook across the opponent's trapped leg while a butterfly hook elevates, forming a 'K' shape that powers sweeps and back-takes.
- [Kesa Gatame](https://bjjgraph.org/Positions/Side-Control/Kesa-Gatame): Kesa Gatame (Scarf Hold) is a judo-derived side pin where the top player sits perpendicular to a supine opponent, trapping the head and near arm to immobilize the upper body while trading some back exposure for crushing chest control.
- [Kimura Trap](https://bjjgraph.org/Positions/Kimura-Trap): The Kimura Trap is a grip-based control system in BJJ where a figure-four grip on the opponent's arm dominates their shoulder and inverts positional hierarchy, enabling sweeps, back takes, and submissions from either the top or bottom.
- [Knee on Belly](https://bjjgraph.org/Positions/Knee-on-Belly): Knee on Belly is a mobile top control position where one practitioner drives a knee across the opponent's torso while posting the other leg wide, trading static stability for rapid transitions, point-scoring pressure, and submission threats.
- [Knee Shield Half Guard](https://bjjgraph.org/Positions/Half-Guard/Knee-Shield-Half-Guard): Knee Shield Half Guard is a half guard variation where the bottom player wedges their top-leg shin across the opponent's torso, creating distance that blocks pressure passing while opening sweeps, back takes, and guard transitions.
- [Kneebar Control](https://bjjgraph.org/Positions/Kneebar-Control): Kneebar Control is a leg-attack position in which one practitioner traps and isolates an opponent's leg, aligning the knee joint against their hip to threaten a straight-line hyperextension finish.
- [Kuzure Kesa Gatame](https://bjjgraph.org/Positions/Side-Control/Kuzure-Kesa-Gatame): Kuzure Kesa Gatame (Modified Scarf Hold) is a side control variation where the top player traps one of the opponent's arms across their torso while pinning with hip pressure, converting positional control into immediate armlock and choke threats.
- [Lapel Guard](https://bjjgraph.org/Positions/Lapel-Guard): Lapel guard is a gi-specific open guard where the bottom player feeds the opponent's own lapel around their leg, arm, or torso to build persistent fabric-based control points for sweeps, back takes, and submissions.
- [Lasso Guard](https://bjjgraph.org/Positions/Lasso-Guard): Lasso Guard is a gi open guard in which the bottom player wraps a shin around the outside of the opponent's arm and grips the same-side sleeve, trapping the limb to manage distance and set up sweeps and submissions.
- [Leg Drag Control](https://bjjgraph.org/Positions/Leg-Drag-Control): Leg Drag Control is a dominant guard-passing position where the top player drags an opponent's leg across their body, using it as a barrier to pin the hips, block guard recovery, and open paths to the back, mount, and side control.
- [Leg Entanglement](https://bjjgraph.org/Positions/Leg-Entanglement): Leg Entanglement is a family of leg-control positions in Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu where one or both legs wrap, hook, or triangle an opponent's leg to isolate the ankle, knee, or hip and open systematic leg-lock attacks.
- [Leg Hook](https://bjjgraph.org/Positions/Leg-Hook): Leg Hook is a dynamic half guard control where one player entangles an opponent's leg with an active hook, creating a transitional decision point for sweeps, guard recovery, and leg attacks from bottom or pass completion from top.
- [Leg Knot](https://bjjgraph.org/Positions/Leg-Knot): Leg Knot is a transitional leg entanglement in which both grapplers' legs are interwoven so neither holds clear dominance, producing simultaneous heel hook, kneebar, and reversal threats for both players.
- [Leg Weave](https://bjjgraph.org/Positions/Leg-Weave): Leg Weave is a half-guard passing control where the top player threads a leg through the opponent's legs to pin them flat, neutralizing knee shields and frames while opening knee-slice, leg-drag, and smash-pass finishes.
- [Lockdown](https://bjjgraph.org/Positions/Half-Guard/Lockdown): Lockdown is 10th Planet's signature half guard variation where the bottom player triangles a leg around the opponent's trapped leg, immobilizing it to power sweeps, back takes, and the Electric Chair.
- [Matrix](https://bjjgraph.org/Positions/Matrix): The Matrix is a dynamic, inverted rolling back take in Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu that uses rotational momentum to flow underneath or around a turtled or scrambling opponent and arrive at back control.
- [Meathook](https://bjjgraph.org/Positions/Rubber-Guard/Meathook): Meathook is a 10th Planet Rubber Guard control where the bottom player hooks a shin over the opponent's trapped arm to isolate it and break posture, opening gogoplata, triangle, and omoplata attack chains.
- [Mission Control](https://bjjgraph.org/Positions/Rubber-Guard/Mission-Control): Mission Control is the cornerstone control of the 10th Planet rubber guard, established from the bottom by trapping the opponent's head and one shoulder beneath a high-guard leg to break their posture and open triangle, omoplata, and gogoplata attacks.
- [Modified Mount](https://bjjgraph.org/Positions/Mount/Modified-Mount): Modified Mount is an asymmetric top-mount variation in which one leg posts wide for base while the opposite knee stays across the torso, trading some pinning control for bridge-resistant stability and direct armbar and triangle entries.
- [Mount](https://bjjgraph.org/Positions/Mount): Mount is the dominant top position where you straddle a supine opponent's midsection, worth 4 IBJJF points and prized as jiu-jitsu's best balance of stifling control and high-percentage submission access.
- [Mounted Crucifix](https://bjjgraph.org/Positions/Mount/Mounted-Crucifix): The Mounted Crucifix is a dominant top control that fuses mount with crucifix arm-trapping, using the legs to isolate one or both of the opponent's arms and strip their defensive frames for high-percentage chokes, armbars, and back takes.
- [Mounted Triangle](https://bjjgraph.org/Positions/Mount/Mounted-Triangle): Mounted Triangle is a hybrid top position where the attacker threads one leg over the opponent's shoulder and under their neck while retaining mount, fusing positional control with an immediate triangle-choke and armbar threat.
- [New York](https://bjjgraph.org/Positions/Rubber-Guard/New-York): New York is a deep Rubber Guard control in the 10th Planet system where the bottom player pairs an overhook with a shin across the opponent's back to break posture and chain into chokes, gogoplata, and omoplata attacks.
- [New York Control](https://bjjgraph.org/Positions/Rubber-Guard/New-York-Control): New York Control is an advanced 10th Planet rubber guard position where the bottom player wraps one leg over the opponent's shoulder and locks a deep overhook, shutting down passes while threatening triangle, omoplata, and gogoplata finishes.
- [North-South](https://bjjgraph.org/Positions/North-South): North-South is a dominant top pin where the controlling player drapes their chest over the opponent's head and upper chest, bodies aligned head-to-head in opposite directions, generating crushing perpendicular pressure for control and submissions.
- [Old School](https://bjjgraph.org/Positions/Half-Guard/Old-School): Old School is a 10th Planet half guard variant where the bottom player combines lockdown leg control, a deep underhook, and head control to threaten the signature Old School Sweep to mount and the Electric Chair submission, while the top player counters with whizzer and crossface pressure.
- [Omoplata Control](https://bjjgraph.org/Positions/Omoplata-Control): Omoplata Control is a leg-based shoulder-lock position where one leg threads over the opponent's trapped shoulder and across their back, isolating the arm to threaten the omoplata submission while opening sweeps and back takes.
- [Open Guard](https://bjjgraph.org/Positions/Open-Guard): Open Guard is any bottom guard where the legs stay unlocked and active, using feet, shins, and knees as frames to manage distance, create angles, and launch sweeps or submissions while denying the pass.
- [Outside Ashi-Garami](https://bjjgraph.org/Positions/Ashi-Garami/Outside-Ashi-Garami): Outside Ashi-Garami is a leg entanglement that traps an opponent's leg in a figure-four from the outside angle, isolating the limb for heel hooks and ankle locks while serving as a gateway to more dominant entanglements.
- [Overhook Control](https://bjjgraph.org/Positions/Overhook-Control): Overhook Control, also called the whizzer, is a grappling position where you wrap your arm over the opponent's extended arm from above and seal your armpit over their shoulder, neutralizing that arm while opening submissions and back takes.
- [Overhook Guard](https://bjjgraph.org/Positions/Overhook-Guard): Overhook Guard traps one of the opponent's arms with a deep overhook (whizzer) from a guard structure, using that asymmetric control to break posture and open direct routes to sweeps, back takes, and submissions.
- [Piranha Guard](https://bjjgraph.org/Positions/Piranha-Guard): Piranha Guard is an advanced gi guard in which the bottom player threads the opponent's lapel between their own legs, creating pulley-like leverage that breaks posture and powers sweeps, back takes, and submissions.
- [Pocket Half Guard](https://bjjgraph.org/Positions/Half-Guard/Pocket-Half-Guard): Pocket Half Guard is a half guard variation where a deep underhook into the opponent's hip-to-rib 'pocket' forces a sweep-or-pass dilemma - offensively dominant from bottom, control-heavy from top.
- [Quarter Guard](https://bjjgraph.org/Positions/Quarter-Guard): Quarter Guard is a compromised half-guard variation where the bottom player retains only minimal leg control—roughly a quarter of the entanglement—forcing an immediate race between bottom-side sweeps or back takes and top-side pass completion.
- [Rear Triangle](https://bjjgraph.org/Positions/Triangle-Control/Rear-Triangle): The Rear Triangle is a back-control variation where the top player threads one leg under the opponent's armpit and figure-fours around their neck and trapped arm, fusing positional dominance with triangle-choke finishing mechanics.
- [Reverse De La Riva Guard](https://bjjgraph.org/Positions/De-La-Riva-Guard/Reverse-De-La-Riva-Guard): Reverse De La Riva Guard is an advanced open guard where the bottom player threads an inverted hook behind the opponent's far leg, generating rotational off-balancing that opens berimbolo back-takes, waiter sweeps, and kiss of the dragon entries.
- [Reverse Half Guard](https://bjjgraph.org/Positions/Half-Guard/Reverse-Half-Guard): Reverse Half Guard is an inverted half guard variation in which the practitioner faces away from the opponent while trapping one of their legs, opening unconventional sweep angles, rolling back-take entries, and reverse-angle passing dilemmas.
- [Reverse Mount](https://bjjgraph.org/Positions/Reverse-Mount): Reverse Mount is a transitional dominant top position—scored as mount (4 points) under IBJJF—where you sit on the opponent's torso facing their feet, trading head control and visibility for fast conversions to standard mount or back control.
- [Reverse X-Guard](https://bjjgraph.org/Positions/X-Guard/Reverse-X-Guard): Reverse X-Guard is an inverted open guard where the bottom player traps one of the opponent's legs with both hooks stacked on the same side and faces away to generate explosive elevation sweeps, back takes, and leg-entanglement entries.
- [Ringworm Guard](https://bjjgraph.org/Positions/Ringworm-Guard): Ringworm Guard is an advanced gi-based lapel guard in which the bottom player threads the opponent's own lapel around the opponent's leg, tethering it to restrict mobility and generate high-percentage sweeps and back takes.
- [Rodeo Ride](https://bjjgraph.org/Positions/Rodeo-Ride): Rodeo Ride is an advanced turtle-attack position where the top player rides a turtled opponent with asymmetric grips and dynamic, shifting pressure, using constant micro-adjustments to flow between back takes, the truck, and submissions while denying escape.
- [Rubber Guard](https://bjjgraph.org/Positions/Rubber-Guard): Rubber Guard is a flexibility-dependent 10th Planet guard system in which the bottom player uses a leg threaded high across the opponent's back to trap an arm and break posture, opening triangles, omoplatas, and gogoplatas.
- [Russian Cowboy](https://bjjgraph.org/Positions/Russian-Cowboy): Russian Cowboy is an asymmetric back-control variant where the top player rides with a single leg hook threaded under the opponent's near leg, bridging traditional back mount and the truck to open twister, calf slicer, and choke attacks.
- [Russian Leg Lasso](https://bjjgraph.org/Positions/Lasso-Guard/Russian-Leg-Lasso): Russian Leg Lasso is an advanced gi open-guard variation where the bottom player threads a deep lasso behind the opponent's arm and reinforces it with collar and sleeve grips, forming a rotational pulley system for sweeps and submissions.
- [S Mount](https://bjjgraph.org/Positions/Mount/S-Mount): S Mount is a dominant mount variation where the top player sits perpendicular to a flattened opponent, one leg over the head and one across the torso, isolating the near arm to create a near-inescapable armbar threat.
- [Saddle](https://bjjgraph.org/Positions/Ashi-Garami/Saddle): The Saddle (Honey Hole) is a dominant leg entanglement in which you sit perpendicular to your opponent with their leg trapped in a figure-four, isolating the hip, knee, and ankle to attack inside heel hooks and auxiliary leg locks.
- [Seat Belt Control Back](https://bjjgraph.org/Positions/Back-Control/Seat-Belt-Control-Back): Seat Belt Control is the dominant back-control configuration in which one arm crosses over the opponent's shoulder and the other threads under the far armpit, hands joined across the chest while both hooks pin the hips.
- [Seated Guard](https://bjjgraph.org/Positions/Seated-Guard): Seated Guard is an upright open-guard position where the bottom player sits with hips grounded and hands posted for base, using active legs to manage distance, threaten sweeps, and retain the option to technical stand-up at any moment.
- [Shin-to-Shin Guard](https://bjjgraph.org/Positions/Shin-to-Shin-Guard): Shin-to-Shin Guard is a seated open guard where the bottom player presses one shin across the opponent's same-side shin, forming a perpendicular lever that off-balances their base and opens entries to Single Leg X, X-Guard, and leg entanglements.
- [Shoulder of Justice](https://bjjgraph.org/Positions/Shoulder-of-Justice): Shoulder of Justice is a high-pressure side control variation in which the top player drives their shoulder blade into the opponent's jaw and face, concentrating crushing pressure at a single point to break posture and force submission-exposing reactions.
- [Side Control](https://bjjgraph.org/Positions/Side-Control): Side Control is a dominant top pin in which you lie chest-to-chest perpendicular across a grounded opponent, beyond their legs, scoring 3 IBJJF points while threatening submissions and advances to mount, knee-on-belly, or the back.
- [Single Leg X-Guard](https://bjjgraph.org/Positions/X-Guard/Single-Leg-X-Guard): Single Leg X-Guard is a leg-entanglement open guard where the bottom player traps one of the opponent's legs with an inside-leg wrap and an active hip hook, creating a dual platform for sweeps and modern leg-lock entries.
- [Spider Guard](https://bjjgraph.org/Positions/Spider-Guard): Spider Guard is a gi-based open guard where the bottom player grips both sleeves and braces their feet against the opponent's biceps, using leg-against-arm leverage to manage distance, break posture, and launch sweeps and submissions.
- [Squid Guard](https://bjjgraph.org/Positions/Squid-Guard): Squid Guard is an advanced asymmetrical lapel guard where the bottom player threads one leg behind the opponent's knee and uses lapel control to off-balance, restrict posture, and open sweeps and back-takes.
- [Standing Back Control](https://bjjgraph.org/Positions/Back-Control/Standing-Back-Control): Standing Back Control is a transitional back-attack position where one grappler stays chest-to-back behind a standing opponent using harness or body-lock control, threatening rear chokes while setting up a mat return to grounded back control.
- [Standing Guard](https://bjjgraph.org/Positions/Standing-Guard): Standing Guard is the neutral upright engagement where both grapplers contest grips and manage distance, deciding whether to pull guard, shoot a takedown, or continue standup exchanges before committing to the ground.
- [Standing Position](https://bjjgraph.org/Positions/Standing-Position): The Standing Position is the neutral, upright starting state of a BJJ match where both grapplers contest grips and balance, choosing between takedown entries and tactical guard pulls to dictate how the fight reaches the ground.
- [Standing Rear Clinch](https://bjjgraph.org/Positions/Standing-Rear-Clinch): Standing Rear Clinch is a dominant standing control position in which one grappler attaches chest-to-back behind a standing opponent—via seatbelt, body lock, or collar ties—to set up rear takedowns, back control, and standing chokes.
- [Straight Ankle Lock Control](https://bjjgraph.org/Positions/Straight-Ankle-Lock-Control): Straight ankle lock control is a foundational leg entanglement in which one practitioner isolates and traps a single ankle across their hip, threatening an Achilles-tendon submission while using it as a hub into more dominant leg-lock systems.
- [Technical Mount](https://bjjgraph.org/Positions/Mount/Technical-Mount): Technical Mount is an asymmetric mount variation where the top player steps one leg up near the opponent's head, trading some stability for high-percentage armbar, triangle, and back-take attacks while pinning the isolated arm.
- [Toe Hold Control](https://bjjgraph.org/Positions/Toe-Hold-Control): Toe Hold Control is a leg entanglement position where the attacker figure-fours and isolates the opponent's foot to apply rotational pressure on the ankle, threatening a toe hold finish while chaining to other leg locks.
- [Triangle Control](https://bjjgraph.org/Positions/Triangle-Control): Triangle Control is a guard-based submission position where one leg traps the opponent's neck and the other locks over it in a figure-four, isolating one arm to compress the carotids and anchor a chain of chokes, armbars, and omoplatas.
- [Triangle Escape Position](https://bjjgraph.org/Positions/Triangle-Escape-Position): Triangle Escape Position is the live triangle exchange where the bottom-role guard player finishes the choke or chains to armbar, omoplata, and back control, while the top-role caught player postures, stacks, and works arm extraction to survive and pass the guard.
- [Truck](https://bjjgraph.org/Positions/Twister-Control/Truck): The Truck is a 10th Planet back-attack position where the top player traps one of the opponent's legs in a figure-four and presses a boot against their hip, generating simultaneous twister, calf slicer, and back-control threats.
- [Turtle](https://bjjgraph.org/Positions/Turtle): The turtle is a transitional BJJ position where a practitioner kneels on hands and knees with a rounded back, trading rear exposure for submission protection while the bottom hunts guard recovery and the top hunts the back take.
- [Twister Control](https://bjjgraph.org/Positions/Twister-Control): Twister Control is a 10th Planet no-gi position that traps one of the opponent's legs while torquing their spine into rotation, simultaneously exposing the back and opening the twister, leg locks, and neck attacks.
- [Twister Side Control](https://bjjgraph.org/Positions/Twister-Control/Twister-Side-Control): Twister Side Control is a 10th Planet lateral pin where the top player entangles the legs and drives shoulder pressure to rotate the spine, prioritizing twister and spinal submission threats over conventional positional stability.
- [Ushiro Ashi-Garami](https://bjjgraph.org/Positions/Ashi-Garami/Ushiro-Ashi-Garami): Ushiro Ashi-Garami is a reversed leg entanglement that arises when an opponent inverts to escape standard ashi-garami, leaving the leg trapped in a flipped figure-four that reshapes heel hook attacks and escape paths.
- [Ushiro Kesa Gatame](https://bjjgraph.org/Positions/Side-Control/Ushiro-Kesa-Gatame): Ushiro Kesa Gatame is a perpendicular scarf-hold pin where the top player faces the opponent's legs rather than their head, naturally isolating the far arm and denying the bottom player frames against the face and neck.
- [Vaporizer](https://bjjgraph.org/Positions/Vaporizer): The Vaporizer is a 10th Planet half-guard control where the bottom player combines a deep lockdown with a hip-driven whip-up motion and an upper-body underhook to off-balance the top player, opening sweeps, the Electric Chair, and Truck entries.
- [Williams Guard](https://bjjgraph.org/Positions/Williams-Guard): Williams Guard is a bottom open guard that traps one of the opponent's arms in a shoulder-lock grip, weaponizing the joint threat to break posture, deny posts, and force reactions that open sweeps, omoplatas, and back-takes.
- [Worm Guard](https://bjjgraph.org/Positions/Worm-Guard): Worm Guard is a gi-only lapel guard in which you thread the opponent's own lapel under their leg and wrap it around your shin, immobilizing that leg to create high-percentage sweeps and back takes.
- [X-Guard](https://bjjgraph.org/Positions/X-Guard): X-Guard is a bottom open-guard position where you trap one of a standing opponent's legs between both of your own in an X-shaped configuration, removing a posting base to power high-percentage elevation sweeps and leg-lock entries.
- [Z-Guard](https://bjjgraph.org/Positions/Z-Guard): Z-Guard is an advanced half guard variation where the bottom player wedges a high knee shield against the opponent's shoulder or upper chest, forming a 'Z' shape that denies pressure passing while loading sweeps, back takes, and deep half entries.
- [Z-Lock Half Guard](https://bjjgraph.org/Positions/Half-Guard/Z-Lock-Half-Guard): Z-Lock Half Guard is an advanced 10th Planet lockdown variation where the bottom player forms a 'Z' with their legs - one securing the lockdown, the other a butterfly hook - creating simultaneous sweep, back-take, and Electric Chair threats.
- [Zombie](https://bjjgraph.org/Positions/Rubber-Guard/Zombie): Zombie is a 10th Planet half-guard variation where the bottom player fuses lockdown leg control with active framing and underhooks to stall passes while threatening Old School sweeps and Electric Chair attacks.

## Principles

- [Action and Reaction](https://bjjgraph.org/Principles/Action-and-Reaction): Action and reaction means using one threat to draw a defensive response, then attacking the opening that response creates.
- [Air Chokes](https://bjjgraph.org/Principles/Air-Chokes): Air chokes restrict airflow through pressure on the front of the neck, where force can also injure the throat.
- [Alignment](https://bjjgraph.org/Principles/Alignment): Alignment is the coordination of your base, posture, and limb positions so your body can support and direct force.
- [Base](https://bjjgraph.org/Principles/Base): Base is the support you create with your contact points and weight distribution to stay balanced while moving or resisting force.
- [Blood Chokes](https://bjjgraph.org/Principles/Blood-Chokes): Blood chokes are submissions that compress blood vessels in the neck, reducing blood flow to the brain.
- [Bridge and Shrimp](https://bjjgraph.org/Principles/Bridge-and-Shrimp): Bridging lifts and shifts your hips to disturb pressure; shrimping moves your hips away to create space for an escape.
- [Center of Gravity](https://bjjgraph.org/Principles/Center-of-Gravity): Your center of gravity is the point around which your weight balances; its position relative to your supports affects stability and movement.
- [Chest Compression](https://bjjgraph.org/Principles/Chest-Compression): Chest compression is pressure on the torso that limits chest expansion and can make breathing and movement harder.
- [Chin Protection](https://bjjgraph.org/Principles/Chin-Protection): Chin protection uses head and shoulder position to make neck access harder while you hand fight and work toward escape.
- [Clamps](https://bjjgraph.org/Principles/Clamps): A clamp uses two limbs or body surfaces to hold an opponent between them, limiting the space available for movement.
- [Collar Control](https://bjjgraph.org/Principles/Collar-Control): Collar control uses a grip on the gi collar to influence an opponent’s posture, distance, and direction of movement.
- [Competition Mindset](https://bjjgraph.org/Principles/Competition-Mindset): Competition mindset is the ability to manage nerves, focus on useful actions, and adapt your decisions under match pressure.
- [Compression Locks](https://bjjgraph.org/Principles/Compression-Locks): Compression locks fold a limb around a hard wedge, such as a forearm or shin, to create pressure in the tissue and joint.
- [Connection Principles](https://bjjgraph.org/Principles/Connection-Principles): Connection is useful contact through grips, frames, hooks, or body position that lets you influence the opponent’s movement.
- [Control Maintenance](https://bjjgraph.org/Principles/Control-Maintenance): Control maintenance is keeping a useful position by adjusting your base, pressure, and connections as the opponent tries to escape.
- [Control Point Hierarchy](https://bjjgraph.org/Principles/Control-Point-Hierarchy): Control point hierarchy ranks the grips and contacts that matter most for a particular position, attack, or escape.
- [Cranks](https://bjjgraph.org/Principles/Cranks): Cranks apply bending, twisting, or compressive force to the neck or spine, including when a choke attempt turns into head pressure.
- [Cross Face Control](https://bjjgraph.org/Principles/Cross-Face-Control): Cross face control uses the arm and shoulder across the opponent’s head to limit turning and support a top pin.
- [Dealing with Pressure](https://bjjgraph.org/Principles/Dealing-with-Pressure): Dealing with pressure means preserving frames, breathing space, and escape options while an opponent controls you from above.
- [Defensive Concepts](https://bjjgraph.org/Principles/Defensive-Concepts): Defensive concepts are the priorities that help you address immediate threats, rebuild structure, and work toward a safer position.
- [Distance Control](https://bjjgraph.org/Principles/Distance-Control): Distance control is managing the space between you and an opponent to enter attacks, maintain control, or create an escape.
- [Dominant Angles](https://bjjgraph.org/Principles/Dominant-Angles): A dominant angle puts your body outside the opponent’s strongest line of defense, giving you a clearer route to control or attack.
- [Elbow-Knee Connection](https://bjjgraph.org/Principles/Elbow-Knee-Connection): Elbow-knee connection keeps the inside space beside your torso defended, helping you retain guard and prevent limb isolation.
- [Energy Conservation](https://bjjgraph.org/Principles/Energy-Conservation): Energy conservation means avoiding unnecessary tension and spending effort on movements that improve your position or address an immediate threat.
- [Escape Fundamentals](https://bjjgraph.org/Principles/Escape-Fundamentals): Escape fundamentals are the shared steps of protecting vulnerable areas, building frames, making space, and recovering a safer position.
- [Flow Rolling](https://bjjgraph.org/Principles/Flow-Rolling): Flow rolling is cooperative sparring where partners keep a manageable pace and allow transitions so both can explore movement and technique.
- [Fork Attacks](https://bjjgraph.org/Principles/Fork-Attacks): A fork attack keeps two credible threats available from the same control, so defending one can create an opening for the other.
- [Forward Pressure](https://bjjgraph.org/Principles/Forward-Pressure): Forward pressure is controlled advancing force through your base and contact points that takes space and limits the opponent’s movement.
- [Frames](https://bjjgraph.org/Principles/Frames): A frame is a supported limb position that holds space against the opponent’s pressure so you can move or defend.
- [Grips](https://bjjgraph.org/Principles/Grips): Grips are hand connections to the body or gi that influence movement, posture, and distance and create access to attacks.
- [Guard Passing](https://bjjgraph.org/Principles/Guard-Passing): Guard passing is moving beyond an opponent’s legs and securing a pin by managing their grips, frames, hooks, and hip movement.
- [Hand Fighting](https://bjjgraph.org/Principles/Hand-Fighting): Hand fighting is the contest for hand and arm position that lets you establish useful grips while denying your opponent theirs.
- [Head Position](https://bjjgraph.org/Principles/Head-Position): Head position is the placement of your head relative to your spine and opponent, affecting balance, movement, and control of the upper body.
- [Hip Escape Mechanics](https://bjjgraph.org/Principles/Hip-Escape-Mechanics): Hip escape mechanics coordinate frames, hip movement, and turning onto your side to create space for guard recovery beneath an opponent.
- [Hip Pressure](https://bjjgraph.org/Principles/Hip-Pressure): Hip pressure uses body weight and hip contact to restrict an opponent’s lower-body movement while preserving your own balance and ability to move.
- [Hooks](https://bjjgraph.org/Principles/Hooks): Hooks are curved arm or leg attachments that connect to an opponent’s limbs, helping you follow movement, lift, or restrict an escape.
- [Hyperextension](https://bjjgraph.org/Principles/Hyperextension): Hyperextension is the joint-attack mechanic of extending a controlled elbow or knee beyond its normal range, as in armbars and kneebars.
- [Inside Position](https://bjjgraph.org/Principles/Inside-Position): Inside position means placing your hands, arms, knees, or feet between an opponent’s limbs to create useful controls and protect space near your body.
- [Kuzushi](https://bjjgraph.org/Principles/Kuzushi): Kuzushi is off-balancing an opponent by shifting their weight toward a direction where their existing base or available posts cannot support them.
- [Leg Entanglement](https://bjjgraph.org/Principles/Leg-Entanglement): A leg entanglement uses your legs, hips, and grips to contain an opponent’s leg, limit their movement, and create control for transitions or attacks.
- [Levers](https://bjjgraph.org/Principles/Levers): Levers use a body segment rotating around a support point to transfer force, with the contact position and angle determining the mechanical advantage.
- [Limb Isolation](https://bjjgraph.org/Principles/Limb-Isolation): Limb isolation separates an arm or leg from the torso, other limbs, or mat supports that help the opponent move and defend it.
- [Making Smaller Circles](https://bjjgraph.org/Principles/Making-Smaller-Circles): Making smaller circles is a practice method that refines one technique’s essential movements before adding closely related variations.
- [Maximum Efficiency Principle](https://bjjgraph.org/Principles/Maximum-Efficiency-Principle): The maximum efficiency principle means using positioning, leverage, timing, and appropriate effort to achieve a grappling objective without unnecessary movement or tension.
- [Microing](https://bjjgraph.org/Principles/Microing): Microing is finding and maintaining the small adjustment that makes a grip, angle, or pressure work within an otherwise established technique.
- [Position Chains](https://bjjgraph.org/Principles/Position-Chains): Position chains link a few positional transitions so each landing supplies the control and starting point needed for the next move.
- [Position-Over-Submission Approach](https://bjjgraph.org/Principles/Position-Over-Submission-Approach): A position-over-submission approach prioritizes reliable body control before committing to a finish, so an unsuccessful attack can still leave you in a useful position.
- [Positional Hierarchy](https://bjjgraph.org/Principles/Positional-Hierarchy): Positional hierarchy compares positions by the control, attack opportunities, and escape options they give each player, helping you choose where to move next.
- [Positional Sparring](https://bjjgraph.org/Principles/Positional-Sparring): Positional sparring is practice that starts from an agreed position, gives each partner a specific objective, and resets when either objective is reached.
- [Posts](https://bjjgraph.org/Principles/Posts): Posts are contacts with the mat or another support that help catch a weight shift, maintain balance, or provide a base for movement.
- [Posture](https://bjjgraph.org/Principles/Posture): Posture is the alignment of the head, spine, and pelvis that supports your current movement, balance, and ability to transmit or resist force.
- [Pressure](https://bjjgraph.org/Principles/Pressure): Pressure is force directed through body contact to restrict an opponent’s movement, supported by your balance, weight placement, and choice of angle.
- [Rotational Breaks](https://bjjgraph.org/Principles/Rotational-Breaks): Rotational breaks are joint attacks that use a controlled limb as a lever to rotate a joint beyond its available range.
- [Shoulder Pressure](https://bjjgraph.org/Principles/Shoulder-Pressure): Shoulder pressure directs body weight through shoulder contact to control an opponent’s upper body and limit the turns needed for frames or escapes.
- [Sleeve Control](https://bjjgraph.org/Principles/Sleeve-Control): Sleeve control uses a grip on the gi sleeve to guide an opponent’s arm, limit posting or framing, and support posture breaks or attacks.
- [Structure](https://bjjgraph.org/Principles/Structure): Structure is the coordinated alignment of your body segments and supports that lets you bear pressure, transfer force, or keep useful space.
- [Submission Chains](https://bjjgraph.org/Principles/Submission-Chains): Submission chains link attacks by using an opponent’s defense to one submission as the opening for another, while preserving useful positional control.
- [Submission Defense](https://bjjgraph.org/Principles/Submission-Defense): Submission defense means preventing or recognizing an attack early, removing its required controls when possible, and tapping when you are caught.
- [Timing and Rhythm](https://bjjgraph.org/Principles/Timing-and-Rhythm): Timing and rhythm mean coordinating movement with an opponent’s weight shifts and varying your pace to create or use brief openings.
- [Torque](https://bjjgraph.org/Principles/Torque): Torque is the turning effect of a force applied away from an axis, shaped by the force’s direction and distance from that axis.
- [Transition Management](https://bjjgraph.org/Principles/Transition-Management): Transition management is choosing when and how to change positions while preserving useful controls and a fallback if the opponent blocks the move.
- [Wedges](https://bjjgraph.org/Principles/Wedges): Wedges are body parts inserted into gaps to preserve space, redirect pressure, or block a movement route while you reposition.
- [Whizzer Control](https://bjjgraph.org/Principles/Whizzer-Control): A whizzer is an overhook used against an opponent’s underhook, combining arm pressure with hip position and base to limit their control.

## Systems

- [10th Planet Half Guard Bottom System](https://bjjgraph.org/Systems/10th-Planet-Half-Guard-Bottom-System): Eddie Bravo’s bottom-half material appears as a short section within The Ultimate Rubber Guard.
- [10th Planet No-Gi Guard System](https://bjjgraph.org/Systems/10th-Planet-No-Gi-Guard-System): The Ultimate Rubber Guard combines Eddie Bravo’s guard instruction with the history behind his approach.
- [10th Planet Rubber Guard System](https://bjjgraph.org/Systems/10th-Planet-Rubber-Guard-System): Eddie Bravo’s The Ultimate Rubber Guard covers the position’s development, variations and omoplata attacks.
- [Aaron Benzrihem Ankle Pick System](https://bjjgraph.org/Systems/Aaron-Benzrihem-Ankle-Pick-System): Ankle-pick attacks from standing, seated guard and a three-point stance.
- [Adam Wardzinski Single Leg X System](https://bjjgraph.org/Systems/Adam-Wardzinski-Single-Leg-X-System): Single Leg X Reimagined develops gi entries, sweeps and submissions with Adam Wardzinski.
- [Andrew Wiltse Half Guard System](https://bjjgraph.org/Systems/Andrew-Wiltse-Half-Guard-System): Recovering closed guard is an option when an opponent shuts down half-guard offense.
- [Ariel Tabak Outside Passing System](https://bjjgraph.org/Systems/Ariel-Tabak-Outside-Passing-System): Outside passing from the initial flank to the finish, with leg traps, bullfighter variations and extensive gi-grip material.
- [B-Team Dilemma System](https://bjjgraph.org/Systems/B-Team-Dilemma-System): Triangle variations and leg entanglements connected through upper- and lower-body attacks.
- [Back Attack System](https://bjjgraph.org/Systems/Back-Attack-System): Back control, strangles, auxiliary submissions and entries in one extensive course.
- [Back Defense Protocol](https://bjjgraph.org/Systems/Back-Defense-Protocol): Only Way Out: Dynamic Back Escapes by Brian Glick covers escaping rear control from either side, including body triangles, trapped arms and strangle attempts.
- [Berimbolo](https://bjjgraph.org/Systems/Berimbolo): Double-pull positioning, inversion and the basic berimbolo, with routes to the back and mount.
- [Bernardo Faria Omoplata System](https://bjjgraph.org/Systems/Bernardo-Faria-Omoplata-System): Omoplata Everyone by Bernardo Faria covers gi entries, finishing problems and positional options when an opponent defends the omoplata.
- [Bernardo Faria Pressure System](https://bjjgraph.org/Systems/Bernardo-Faria-Pressure-System): An over/under-centered no-gi pressure-passing course with detailed entry and troubleshooting coverage, plus other pressure passes.
- [Blue to Purple Progression](https://bjjgraph.org/Systems/Blue-to-Purple-Progression): A broader technical repertoire and eligibility for belt recognition are separate parts of progression.
- [Brian Glick Half Butterfly System](https://bjjgraph.org/Systems/Brian-Glick-Half-Butterfly-System): Under Pressure: Half Butterfly Mastery covers positioning, entries and upper- and lower-body attacks with Brian Glick.
- [Cage Clinch to Ground System](https://bjjgraph.org/Systems/Cage-Clinch-to-Ground-System): Clinch entries, cage takedowns and ground attacks in a striking context.
- [Caio Terra Guard Retention System](https://bjjgraph.org/Systems/Caio-Terra-Guard-Retention-System): Caio Terra Online lists individual lessons on one-legged X against a toreando pass, half-guard recovery and a related half-guard Q&A.
- [Competition Preparation System](https://bjjgraph.org/Systems/Competition-Preparation-System): Practical and mental preparation for the work surrounding a combat-sports tournament.
- [Competition Scoring Strategy](https://bjjgraph.org/Systems/Competition-Scoring-Strategy): IBJJF scoring depends on the action and qualifying control, as well as the position reached.
- [Competition Strategy](https://bjjgraph.org/Systems/Competition-Strategy): A tournament game plan selects intended options from a wider repertoire and includes both offensive and defensive situations.
- [Craig Jones Kneebar System](https://bjjgraph.org/Systems/Craig-Jones-Kneebar-System): Kneebar variations and entries from half guard, 50/50, rides and standing exchanges.
- [Craig Jones Leg Lock System](https://bjjgraph.org/Systems/Craig-Jones-Leg-Lock-System): Heel-hook offense across single-leg X, saddle and 50/50, with escape responses and back takes.
- [Craig Jones Octopus Guard System](https://bjjgraph.org/Systems/Craig-Jones-Octopus-Guard-System): Craig Jones’s Octopus Guard 2.0 covers no-gi half guard, D’Arce responses and attacks from turtle.
- [Craig Jones Riding Control System](https://bjjgraph.org/Systems/Craig-Jones-Riding-Control-System): A top-control course built around leg rides, upper-body controls and turtle riding, with entries and submission follow-ups.
- [Craig Jones Triangle to Leg Lock System](https://bjjgraph.org/Systems/Craig-Jones-Triangle-to-Leg-Lock-System): Craig Jones’s Systematic Submission Dilemmas connects triangle attacks with leg entanglements, straight locks and match commentary.
- [Danaher Armbar System](https://bjjgraph.org/Systems/Danaher-Armbar-System): Armbar control and hand separation, with entries from guard, pins and back attacks.
- [Danaher Front Headlock System](https://bjjgraph.org/Systems/Danaher-Front-Headlock-System): Front-headlock entries, positional control and attacks across standing, kneeling, seated and guard-passing situations.
- [Danaher Leg Lock System](https://bjjgraph.org/Systems/Danaher-Leg-Lock-System): Leglocks: Enter The System by John Danaher covers leg-entanglement control, heel hooks, toe holds and entries from standing and the ground.
- [Danaher Pin Escape Fundamentals System](https://bjjgraph.org/Systems/Danaher-Pin-Escape-Fundamentals-System): Pin Escapes & Turtle Escapes by John Danaher combines escape concepts and body movements with detailed mount and side-pin escapes, plus rear-mount and turtle recovery.
- [Danaher Side Crucifix System](https://bjjgraph.org/Systems/Danaher-Side-Crucifix-System): A focused side-crucifix course linking underhook acquisition and arm pinning to upper-body submissions.
- [Danaher Straight Jacket System](https://bjjgraph.org/Systems/Danaher-Straight-Jacket-System): Hand fighting, arm control and strangles within Danaher’s wider back-attack course.
- [Danaher Triangle System](https://bjjgraph.org/Systems/Danaher-Triangle-System): Triangles Enter The System by John Danaher covers five triangle orientations, their entries and connections to joint locks.
- [Dante Leon Reverse De La Riva System](https://bjjgraph.org/Systems/Dante-Leon-Reverse-De-La-Riva-System): Dante Leon’s No Gi Reverse De La Riva covers knee-slice recovery, inversions, sweeps and submissions.
- [Dante Leon Wrestling Up From Guard System](https://bjjgraph.org/Systems/Dante-Leon-Wrestling-Up-From-Guard-System): Wrestling Up From Guard develops Dante Leon’s coming-up attacks from X, De La Riva, reverse De La Riva and butterfly.
- [Defensive Prioritization Framework](https://bjjgraph.org/Systems/Defensive-Prioritization-Framework): Under IBJJF rules, reaching a scoring position while caught in a submission does not earn points until the attack is escaped and the position is stabilized.
- [Dynamic Guard System](https://bjjgraph.org/Systems/Dynamic-Guard-System): Open guard is a family of positions that can change as either player acts.
- [Eduardo Telles Gi Octopus Guard System](https://bjjgraph.org/Systems/Eduardo-Telles-Gi-Octopus-Guard-System): Eduardo Telles’s Octopus With Pajamas covers gi sweeps and back takes from half, closed, butterfly and reverse half guard.
- [Edwin Najmi Submission Attack System](https://bjjgraph.org/Systems/Edwin-Najmi-Submission-Attack-System): Three submission families with entries from guard, top positions and takedown defense.
- [Eoghan O'Flanagan Shin-to-Shin System](https://bjjgraph.org/Systems/Eoghan-O'Flanagan-Shin-to-Shin-System): Eoghan O’Flanagan’s Shin to Shin covers seated engagement, heisting and entries against different stances.
- [Garry Tonon Leg Lock to Back System](https://bjjgraph.org/Systems/Garry-Tonon-Leg-Lock-to-Back-System): Wrestling entries developed into takedowns, back attacks and submissions during scrambles.
- [Gi-Specific Strategy](https://bjjgraph.org/Systems/Gi-Specific-Strategy): Closed-guard control, submissions and routes to top position from Roger Gracie.
- [Giancarlo Bodoni Turtle to Back System](https://bjjgraph.org/Systems/Giancarlo-Bodoni-Turtle-to-Back-System): Breaking down turtle, inserting hooks and following defensive movement into back offense.
- [Gordon Ryan Mount Control System](https://bjjgraph.org/Systems/Gordon-Ryan-Mount-Control-System): Mount entries, escape responses and arm-isolation attacks, supported by sparring footage and Gordon Ryan’s commentary.
- [Gordon Ryan Passing System](https://bjjgraph.org/Systems/Gordon-Ryan-Passing-System): A broad no-gi passing course centered on split squat, half guard and half butterfly, with body locks, leg-entanglement coverage and narrated rolling.
- [Gordon Ryan Side Control to North-South System](https://bjjgraph.org/Systems/Gordon-Ryan-Side-Control-to-North-South-System): Side-control and north-south maintenance, transitions and upper-body attacks, followed by rolling footage and commentary.
- [IBJJF Strategy Guide](https://bjjgraph.org/Systems/IBJJF-Strategy-Guide): Registration, uniforms and permitted techniques depend on the athlete’s event and division.
- [Jason Rau Ankle Lock System](https://bjjgraph.org/Systems/Jason-Rau-Ankle-Lock-System): Dynamic Ankle Locks by Jason Rau covers grips, leg positions, posture-specific finishes and secondary submission or back-taking options.
- [Jeff Glover Deep Half System](https://bjjgraph.org/Systems/Jeff-Glover-Deep-Half-System): Jeff Glover’s The No Gi Deep Half Guard 2.0 covers entries, exits and common controls that obstruct deep half.
- [Jimmy Sheptock Single Leg System](https://bjjgraph.org/Systems/Jimmy-Sheptock-Single-Leg-System): Wrestling setups and single-leg finishes, including whizzer and low-position problems.
- [Jonathan Thomas Double Sleeve Guard System](https://bjjgraph.org/Systems/Jonathan-Thomas-Double-Sleeve-Guard-System): Jonathan Thomas’s Double Sleeve Guard connects gi grip control with De La Riva, lasso, spider and Spider-X attacks.
- [Keenan Cornelius Lapel Guard System](https://bjjgraph.org/Systems/Keenan-Cornelius-Lapel-Guard-System): A lapel grip alone does not provide the fabric length and access needed for a lapel-guard entry.
- [Kenta Iwamoto Foot Sweep System](https://bjjgraph.org/Systems/Kenta-Iwamoto-Foot-Sweep-System): Foot sweeps, clinch throws and responses to shots within a standing grappling course.
- [Kimura Trap System](https://bjjgraph.org/Systems/Kimura-Trap-System): Kimura: Enter The System by John Danaher connects kimura finishing with positional transitions, back takes and other submissions.
- [Lachlan Giles and Ariel Tabak Guard Retention System](https://bjjgraph.org/Systems/Lachlan-Giles-and-Ariel-Tabak-Guard-Retention-System): The guard Retention Anthology: Around and Under covers recovery against passes around and underneath the legs.
- [Lachlan Giles Body Lock Passing System](https://bjjgraph.org/Systems/Lachlan-Giles-Body-Lock-Passing-System): A dedicated no-gi body-lock course covering the entire pass, from establishing the lock to clearing the legs, with narrated sparring.
- [Lachlan Giles K-Guard System](https://bjjgraph.org/Systems/Lachlan-Giles-K-Guard-System): Lachlan Giles’s No Gi Open Guard Volume 1: K Guard develops entries, leg attacks and responses to common counters.
- [Lachlan Giles Leg Lock Defense Framework](https://bjjgraph.org/Systems/Lachlan-Giles-Leg-Lock-Defense-Framework): Leg Lock Anthology: 50/50 by Lachlan Giles teaches heel-hook attacks and defenses around 50/50 and outside sankaku, with entries and narrated rolling.
- [Lockdown to Electric Chair System](https://bjjgraph.org/Systems/Lockdown-to-Electric-Chair-System): Lockdown offense and recovery, including electric-chair attacks and escapes from the top.
- [Lucas Lepri Half Guard Passing System](https://bjjgraph.org/Systems/Lucas-Lepri-Half-Guard-Passing-System): Gi half-guard passing with lapel and belt controls, responses to opponents coming up, deep-half counters and submissions.
- [Lucas Lepri Knee Cut System](https://bjjgraph.org/Systems/Lucas-Lepri-Knee-Cut-System): A knee-cut-centered gi passing course covering entries from open guard and responses to the grips and guards that interrupt the pass.
- [Marcelo Garcia Butterfly Guard System](https://bjjgraph.org/Systems/Marcelo-Garcia-Butterfly-Guard-System): The Complete Butterfly Guard covers Marcelo Garcia’s seated posture, sweeps, submissions and responses to standing opponents.
- [Marcelo Garcia Guillotine System](https://bjjgraph.org/Systems/Marcelo-Garcia-Guillotine-System): The Marcelotine by Marcelo Garcia covers high-elbow guillotines from standing, guard and passing, including recovery against passing defenses.
- [Marcelo Garcia North South Choke System](https://bjjgraph.org/Systems/Marcelo-Garcia-North-South-Choke-System): A focused choke course addressing alignment, defensive frames and entries from top positions.
- [Marcelo Garcia X-Guard System](https://bjjgraph.org/Systems/Marcelo-Garcia-X-Guard-System): The Marcelo X Guard covers Marcelo Garcia’s entries, sweeping finishes and responses to attempts to dismantle the position.
- [Mental Game Framework](https://bjjgraph.org/Systems/Mental-Game-Framework): Josh McKinney’s approach to staying mentally engaged before, during and after a BJJ competition.
- [Mikey Musumeci Berimbolo System](https://bjjgraph.org/Systems/Mikey-Musumeci-Berimbolo-System): Stacking, pulling and twister-hook variations within Musumeci’s berimbolo foundation course.
- [MMA Crossover Strategy](https://bjjgraph.org/Systems/MMA-Crossover-Strategy): MMA judging and foul definitions give familiar grappling positions a different competitive context.
- [Modern No-Gi Passing System](https://bjjgraph.org/Systems/Modern-No-Gi-Passing-System): A comparison of broad no-gi guard coverage and courses concentrated on body-lock, over/under or float passing.
- [Neil Melanson Kimura System](https://bjjgraph.org/Systems/Neil-Melanson-Kimura-System): The Filthy Kimura by Neil Melanson covers double-wrist-lock variations, frame counters, kimura defenses and guard or half-guard sequences.
- [No-Gi Competition Approach](https://bjjgraph.org/Systems/No-Gi-Competition-Approach): No-gi events can reward the same position differently and permit different techniques by division.
- [No-Gi Tactical Framework](https://bjjgraph.org/Systems/No-Gi-Tactical-Framework): Leg and upper-body controls for holding top position and connecting pins to submission attacks.
- [Priit Mihkelson Turtle Defense System](https://bjjgraph.org/Systems/Priit-Mihkelson-Turtle-Defense-System): Protecting & Generating Dynamic Offense From The Turtle by Priit Mihkelson covers posture, responses to common attacks, and returns to guard or standing.
- [Roger Gracie Fundamental System](https://bjjgraph.org/Systems/Roger-Gracie-Fundamental-System): Closed-guard maintenance and offense through collar attacks, arm locks, sweeps and back takes.
- [Rubber Guard to Omoplata System](https://bjjgraph.org/Systems/Rubber-Guard-to-Omoplata-System): The Ultimate Rubber Guard by Eddie Bravo includes a rubber-guard-to-omoplata route within a broader guard curriculum.
- [Rubber Guard to Triangle System](https://bjjgraph.org/Systems/Rubber-Guard-to-Triangle-System): The Ultimate Rubber Guard by Eddie Bravo covers rubber-guard variations and an omoplata route, with limited published detail about triangle attacks.
- [Ryan Hall Triangle System](https://bjjgraph.org/Systems/Ryan-Hall-Triangle-System): The Modern Triangle by Ryan Hall covers triangle control and finishing, specific defenses, arm attacks and scoring options.
- [Self-Defense Application Framework](https://bjjgraph.org/Systems/Self-Defense-Application-Framework): Sport sparring depends on agreed restrictions that do not describe every physical confrontation.
- [Standing Defense Strategy](https://bjjgraph.org/Systems/Standing-Defense-Strategy): Wrestling Takedown Defense For Grappling by Alex Enriquez covers defending shots from space, established leg grips and upper-body ties.
- [Straight Footlock to Kneebar Chain](https://bjjgraph.org/Systems/Straight-Footlock-to-Kneebar-Chain): Craig Jones’s Systematic Submission Dilemmas includes straight ankle locks and kneebars within a wider triangle-and-leg-attack course.
- [Submission Clinic System](https://bjjgraph.org/Systems/Submission-Clinic-System): Kimura finishing, positional transitions and alternative submissions from a shared control.
- [Teaching Methodology Framework](https://bjjgraph.org/Systems/Teaching-Methodology-Framework): A teaching format that connects a technique’s purpose and demonstration with student recall and application.
- [Twister System](https://bjjgraph.org/Systems/Twister-System): Eddie Bravo’s Mastering The System episodes 85 and 99 cover Twister attacks and truck entries from back and side-control contexts.
- [Vagner Rocha Float Passing System](https://bjjgraph.org/Systems/Vagner-Rocha-Float-Passing-System): A three-part no-gi course combining knee-cut passing, float-position exits and standing passes.

## Learning

- [Asymmetric Warfare](https://bjjgraph.org/Learning/Asymmetric-Warfare): Choose exchanges where your practiced skills fit the position instead of assuming you must match an opponent at their preferred game.
- [BJJ For Beginners Roadmap](https://bjjgraph.org/Learning/BJJ-For-Beginners-Roadmap): Begin by recognizing your position, learning a useful action from it, and practicing that action with a partner who can help you understand the result.
- [BJJ Guard Types Explained](https://bjjgraph.org/Learning/BJJ-Guard-Types-Explained): Choose a guard you can enter, keep connected, and recover when your first attack is stopped.
- [BJJ Position Hierarchy Explained](https://bjjgraph.org/Learning/BJJ-Position-Hierarchy-Explained): A positional hierarchy is a guide to control and attacking opportunities, interpreted from your role and the connections each person actually holds.
- [Committed Techniques](https://bjjgraph.org/Learning/Committed-Techniques): An attack with a fallback gives you a useful next position when the opponent stops the finish.
- [Conscious Mastery](https://bjjgraph.org/Learning/Conscious-Mastery): Understanding a technique means recognizing when to use it, what control it needs, and what to change when the position changes.
- [Defend With Purpose](https://bjjgraph.org/Learning/Defend-With-Purpose): Useful defense addresses the immediate threat and gives you a reachable next step toward more space, a guard, or a reversal.
- [Double Down on Strengths](https://bjjgraph.org/Learning/Double-Down-on-Strengths): A useful specialty includes a position you can reach, an attack you trust, and an answer when the opponent denies it.
- [Economy of Motion](https://bjjgraph.org/Learning/Economy-of-Motion): Economy of motion means using movement to change the position, rather than repeatedly spending effort on an obstacle you have not removed.
- [Funneling](https://bjjgraph.org/Learning/Funneling): Funneling means using control to make some opponent choices difficult while keeping a useful response to the choices that remain.
- [Investing in Loss](https://bjjgraph.org/Learning/Investing-in-Loss): A lost exchange becomes useful when you can identify what happened and set up a better attempt at the same problem.
- [Layers of Guard](https://bjjgraph.org/Learning/Layers-of-Guard): Think of guard layers as the barriers still separating a passer from your torso: feet and shins, knees, and arm frames.
- [Mask Your Intentions](https://bjjgraph.org/Learning/Mask-Your-Intentions): An attack is harder to read when its early grips and movements also support another credible option.
- [Path of Least Resistance](https://bjjgraph.org/Learning/Path-of-Least-Resistance): When a defense blocks one route, look for a better angle or target while keeping the control that makes a new attack possible.
- [Pattern Interrupts](https://bjjgraph.org/Learning/Pattern-Interrupts): Changing the rhythm or order of a familiar exchange can expose an opening, provided the new movement still has a technical purpose.
- [Phases of Guard](https://bjjgraph.org/Learning/Phases-of-Guard): Guard play shifts between making connections, using them to attack, and recovering them when a pass threatens.
- [Phases of Passing](https://bjjgraph.org/Learning/Phases-of-Passing): A useful passing checklist is to remove obstructing connections, get beyond the legs, and establish control that survives the first escape.
- [Position Over Submission](https://bjjgraph.org/Learning/Position-Over-Submission): Before and during a submission attempt, maintain the controls that stop your opponent from escaping the attack.
- [Predictable Responses](https://bjjgraph.org/Learning/Predictable-Responses): Useful follow-ups begin with the response you can observe, not the reaction you expected an opponent to give.
- [Prevention Over Cure](https://bjjgraph.org/Learning/Prevention-Over-Cure): Early defense addresses the grip, angle, or connection that enables a threat before the opponent completes it.
- [Probabilistic Thinking](https://bjjgraph.org/Learning/Probabilistic-Thinking): A good choice weighs the opening you can see, the likely response, and what happens if the attempt fails.
- [Static vs Dynamic Control](https://bjjgraph.org/Learning/Static-vs-Dynamic-Control): Top control combines settling a useful pin with changing grips or position when the opponent’s escape makes that pin difficult to keep.
- [Technique Chaining](https://bjjgraph.org/Learning/Technique-Chaining): A useful technique chain connects an attack to a follow-up through a specific defensive cue and controls you can carry into the next action.
- [Timing Windows](https://bjjgraph.org/Learning/Timing-Windows): A timing window is a temporary change in balance, contact, or position that makes a particular action available.
- [Training Intensity](https://bjjgraph.org/Learning/Training-Intensity): Choose training intensity by the job of the round: learning a movement, solving a position, or rehearsing a match.
- [Training Partner Diversity](https://bjjgraph.org/Learning/Training-Partner-Diversity): Different partners reveal which parts of your technique depend on a familiar reaction, reach, or pace.

## Transitions

- [All transitions](https://bjjgraph.org/Transitions): 1025 topics — browse the hub.

## Submissions

- [All submissions](https://bjjgraph.org/Submissions): 353 topics — browse the hub.