Won by Submission represents the terminal state in Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu where a practitioner has successfully forced their opponent to submit through a joint lock or choke. This state marks the end of a match or training round through technical victory, achieved when the opponent verbally submits, physically taps (on the opponent, mat, or themselves), or when the referee stops the match due to a submission being fully locked in. This terminal state is the ultimate objective in submission-focused BJJ, representing the successful application of technique, timing, and control to force capitulation. Understanding this state involves recognizing proper submission mechanics, tap protocols, safety considerations, and the technical pathways that lead to successful finishes. Unlike positional victories or points-based wins, submission victory demonstrates complete technical dominance through forcing the opponent to acknowledge defeat, making it the most definitive form of victory in grappling arts. The path to this state requires systematic progression through control positions, elimination of defensive options, and precise application of submission mechanics with respect for partner safety.

Position Definition

  • Submission technique is fully locked in with proper mechanical advantage established through optimal joint angle or vascular/airway compression, leaving opponent with no viable defensive options remaining and creating immediate threat of injury or unconsciousness
  • Opponent has clearly indicated submission through recognized tap signal (hand tap on opponent/mat, verbal submission, or foot tap if hands immobilized), or referee has stopped match due to submission being complete with opponent unable to defend safely
  • Technical control is maintained throughout finish with proper body positioning, grip configuration, and pressure application that prevents escape while ensuring submission effectiveness and safety protocols are followed with gradual pressure buildup allowing adequate time for tap recognition

Prerequisites

  • Successful establishment of submission control position with proper mechanics and leverage
  • Opponent’s defensive options have been systematically eliminated or bypassed through superior positioning
  • Proper technique execution with adequate control to prevent escape during submission application
  • Opponent recognizes inability to escape and chooses to submit to prevent injury
  • Clear communication of submission through recognized tap protocols with immediate recognition

Key Principles

  • Technical precision in submission mechanics with proper joint alignment or choke application ensures finish while maintaining safety
  • Control position must be maintained throughout submission attempt to prevent escape and ensure effectiveness
  • Gradual pressure application allows opponent time to recognize submission and tap safely without explosive force
  • Recognition of tap signals is immediate and mandatory - release submission instantly upon any tap indication
  • Safety protocols are paramount - never apply submissions explosively or refuse to release after tap
  • Understanding of proper finish mechanics for each submission type ensures effectiveness and safety
  • Respect for training partner’s safety supersedes desire to finish submission in training environments

Available Techniques and Transitions

Match Victory AcknowledgementStanding Position

Success Rates:

  • Beginner: 100%
  • Intermediate: 100%
  • Advanced: 100%

Position Reset for TrainingStanding Position

Success Rates:

  • Beginner: 100%
  • Intermediate: 100%
  • Advanced: 100%

Technical DiscussionStanding Position

Success Rates:

  • Beginner: 100%
  • Intermediate: 100%
  • Advanced: 100%

Continue Rolling from ResetStanding Position

Success Rates:

  • Beginner: 95%
  • Intermediate: 98%
  • Advanced: 100%

Review Submission MechanicsStanding Position

Success Rates:

  • Beginner: 90%
  • Intermediate: 95%
  • Advanced: 98%

Partner Safety CheckStanding Position

Success Rates:

  • Beginner: 100%
  • Intermediate: 100%
  • Advanced: 100%

Defensive Counters

Counter Techniques

Decision Making from This Position

If opponent taps clearly (hand, foot, or verbal):

If referee stops match due to submission completion:

If opponent appears unconscious or unresponsive during choke:

If training partner requests review of submission mechanics:

Common Mistakes

1. Continuing to apply pressure after tap is received

  • Consequence: Serious injury to training partner, loss of trust, potential expulsion from academy, legal liability, and violation of fundamental BJJ safety protocols
  • Correction: Release submission immediately upon any tap signal - develop automatic response to tap recognition through drilling proper release protocols

2. Applying submissions explosively without gradual pressure buildup

  • Consequence: Injuries occur before opponent can tap, damaged training relationships, reputation as unsafe partner, and missed learning opportunities
  • Correction: Apply all submissions with controlled, progressive pressure over 3-5 seconds minimum, giving opponent clear opportunity to recognize and tap to submission

3. Failing to recognize non-standard tap signals (foot taps, verbal)

  • Consequence: Injuries to opponents who cannot tap with hands, safety violations, and lack of awareness during critical moments
  • Correction: Train awareness for all tap modalities - foot taps when hands trapped, verbal taps when immobilized, body convulsions indicating unconsciousness from chokes

4. Celebrating victory before ensuring opponent is safe and okay

  • Consequence: Appears disrespectful, misses opportunity to check on partner’s wellbeing, and violates BJJ etiquette and safety culture
  • Correction: Immediately check on training partner after submission, ensure they are uninjured, offer assistance standing up, and show respect before any celebration

5. Not understanding proper tap protocols in different contexts (training vs competition)

  • Consequence: Confusion about when to release submissions, potential safety issues, and misunderstanding of competitive vs cooperative training environments
  • Correction: Learn distinction between training (tap early and often for safety/learning) and competition (fight to avoid tap within safety limits) contexts

6. Applying neck cranks or spine locks without proper control and experience

  • Consequence: Catastrophic spinal injuries, permanent damage, paralysis risk, and violation of safety standards in most training environments
  • Correction: Only practice neck cranks and spine submissions under expert supervision with experienced partners who understand risks and proper tap timing

Training Drills

Tap Recognition and Release Drill

Partner A applies submission slowly while Partner B practices various tap signals (hand tap, foot tap, verbal). Partner A must release immediately upon any tap signal. Develops automatic tap recognition and instant release reflexes. Rotate through all submission types to build universal awareness.

Duration: 10 minutes

Submission Finish Mechanics Drill

Isolated drilling of submission finish positions focusing on proper control, gradual pressure application, and maintaining position throughout finish. Partner provides feedback on pressure levels and timing. Practice 10 repetitions per submission type with emphasis on control and safety.

Duration: 15 minutes

Submission Chain to Finish Drill

Practice complete sequences from control positions through submission attempts to finish, including proper release protocols. Start from dominant positions (mount, back control, side control) and flow through multiple submission attempts until achieving proper finish with tap. Reset and repeat from different positions.

Duration: 20 minutes

Competition Finish Simulation

One partner plays referee while two others roll with focus on proper submission finishes. Referee watches for tap signals and calls match end, providing feedback on finish mechanics, tap recognition, and release timing. Rotate roles to develop all aspects of finish awareness.

Duration: 15 minutes

Optimal Paths from This Position

Back Control to RNC Path

Back Control → Seat Belt Control Back → Rear Naked Choke → Won by Submission

Mount to Armbar Path

Mount → High Mount → Armbar Control → Armbar from Mount → Won by Submission

Closed Guard to Triangle Path

Closed Guard → Triangle Control → Triangle from Closed Guard → Won by Submission

Side Control to Kimura Path

Side Control → Kimura Control → Kimura from Side Control → Won by Submission

Turtle to Darce Path

Turtle → D'arce Control → Darce Choke → Won by Submission

Ashi Garami to Heel Hook Path

Ashi Garami → Saddle → Heel Hook → Won by Submission

Guard to Omoplata Path

Closed Guard → Omoplata Control → Omoplata from Guard → Won by Submission

Success Rates and Statistics

Skill LevelRetention RateAdvancement ProbabilitySubmission Probability
Beginner100%0%100%
Intermediate100%0%100%
Advanced100%0%100%

Average Time in Position: Instantaneous - terminal state

Expert Analysis

John Danaher

The moment of submission represents the culmination of systematic technical application and the opponent’s recognition of mechanical inevitability. A properly applied submission creates a situation where the opponent faces two choices: submit or sustain injury. This dilemma is not created through strength or aggression, but through precise understanding of leverage mechanics, joint anatomy, and control hierarchies. The key to achieving submissions consistently lies not in the final finishing motion, but in the systematic progression through control positions that eliminate defensive options sequentially. Each control position should reduce the opponent’s movement capacity while increasing your offensive capabilities. When you reach the submission phase, the opponent should already be operating within such constrained parameters that escape becomes biomechanically impossible. The tap itself is merely acknowledgment of this reality. In training, the ethical application of submissions requires understanding that the purpose is education, not domination - you must give your partner adequate time to recognize the submission and respond appropriately, applying pressure gradually over several seconds rather than explosively.

Gordon Ryan

In competition, getting the tap is what separates winning from almost winning - there’s no partial credit for having a submission almost locked in. I focus on submission finishes that have proven track records under the highest levels of competition pressure, where opponents will defend desperately and refuse to tap until the absolute last moment. The key is developing submissions with such perfect mechanics that the opponent faces catastrophic consequences for not tapping - this psychological pressure combined with technical precision forces the tap. I prioritize submissions from my strongest positions: back control for rear naked chokes, top saddle for heel hooks, and mount for armbars. Each of these positions allows me to maintain dominant control while finishing, meaning even if the first submission attempt fails, I’m not giving up position. My philosophy is position before submission, but when you have the position secured, you must be absolutely ruthless in your finishing mechanics. In training, I drill submission finishes thousands of times to ensure my mechanics are flawless when fatigue sets in during competition. The difference between good and great grapplers is finish rate from dominant positions - I aim for 80%+ finish rate from back control because my mechanics and control are systematically developed to that standard.

Eddie Bravo

The submission finish is where all the creative setup work pays off - you’ve broken their posture, created the angles, isolated the limb or neck, and now you’re cashing in on that investment. What I love about submissions is that they’re the great equalizer - a smaller person with superior technique can force a larger, stronger opponent to tap through precise application of leverage and anatomy. In the 10th Planet system, we emphasize submission chains and creating situations where the opponent is constantly dealing with multiple threats, so when they defend one submission, they’re walking into another. The key is making your opponent choose between bad options - defend the choke and give up the arm, defend the arm and give up the back. We also focus heavily on submissions from unconventional positions because that’s where you can catch even experienced opponents by surprise - rubber guard to gogoplata, truck to twister, lockdown to electric chair. These aren’t low-percentage moves when you’ve systematically developed the positions and understand the mechanics deeply. In training, I teach students to embrace the tap - tapping is learning, not losing. The more comfortable you are tapping to new positions and techniques, the faster you’ll develop defensive awareness and eventually learn to finish those same techniques on others.