Half Butterfly Top

Half Butterfly Top is a transitional position where the top player has passed one side of the butterfly guard but the bottom player retains one butterfly hook. This creates a dynamic half guard variant where the top player aims to complete the pass while the bottom player attempts to recover full butterfly guard or sweep. The position requires careful weight distribution from the top player to prevent the butterfly hook from generating lifting power while simultaneously advancing the pass.

This is a critical juncture in modern guard passing, as many high-level players use butterfly-based guards and the top player must understand how to neutralize the remaining hook while maintaining forward pressure. The position often arises during knee slice attempts, smash passes, or when passing aggressive butterfly guard players who fight to retain at least one hook. Success in this position requires understanding both pressure passing principles and the biomechanics of how the butterfly hook generates leverage.

The top player must establish upper body control first through crossface or underhook, then systematically neutralize the butterfly hook’s effectiveness through strategic weight distribution and hip positioning. The position demands constant forward pressure while maintaining a wide base to prevent sweeps, creating a technical challenge that separates effective passers from those who get swept or stalled in guard.

Position Definition

• Top player has passed to one side with upper body control while bottom player maintains one butterfly hook on the opposite side
• Top player’s weight is distributed forward with chest pressure on bottom player’s upper body, hips driving toward the mat to reduce hook effectiveness
• Bottom player is on their back or side with one leg creating butterfly hook insertion under top player’s thigh while other leg is controlled or passed
• Top player’s base is established with knees wide and hips low, creating stable platform to resist hook’s lifting mechanics

Prerequisites

• Partial pass of butterfly guard with one side cleared
• Control of bottom player’s upper body through crossface, underhook, or collar grips
• Bottom player retains one functional butterfly hook
• Top player has established forward pressure and weight distribution

Key Offensive Principles

• Keep weight distributed forward onto bottom player’s chest to reduce butterfly hook’s lifting effectiveness
• Control the near-side arm with underhook or overhook to prevent bottom player from creating frames
• Drive hips low and forward to flatten bottom player and reduce space for hook engagement
• Establish crossface or head control to limit bottom player’s ability to turn into you
• Maintain wide base with knees to prevent being swept while creating passing angles
• Prevent bottom player from recovering full butterfly guard by controlling their free leg
• Use strategic weight shifts to bait reactions and create passing opportunities

Available Attacks

Knee Slice Pass → Side Control

Success Rates:

• Beginner: 45%
• Intermediate: 60%
• Advanced: 75%

Smash Pass → Side Control

Success Rates:

• Beginner: 40%
• Intermediate: 55%
• Advanced: 70%

Long Step Pass → Side Control

Success Rates:

• Beginner: 35%
• Intermediate: 50%
• Advanced: 65%

Leg Drag Pass → Side Control

Success Rates:

• Beginner: 30%
• Intermediate: 45%
• Advanced: 60%

Transition to Mount → Mount

Success Rates:

• Beginner: 25%
• Intermediate: 40%
• Advanced: 55%

Underhook Pass → Side Control

Success Rates:

• Beginner: 38%
• Intermediate: 53%
• Advanced: 68%

Opponent Escapes

• Butterfly Sweep Variations → Half Butterfly (Opponent Success: 40%)
• Underhook Sweep from Half → Mount (Opponent Success: 35%)
• Guard Replacement → Knee Shield Half Guard (Opponent Success: 45%)
• Deep Half Entry → Deep Half Guard (Opponent Success: 30%)
• Re-Guard → Butterfly Guard (Opponent Success: 25%)

Escape Counters

• Underhook Pass → Side Control
  • Bottom player attempts underhook sweep
• Leg Weave Pass → Side Control
  • Bottom player extends butterfly hook for sweep attempt
• Front Headlock Series → Front Headlock
  • Bottom player turns to turtle to escape pressure
• Transition to North-South → North-South
  • Bottom player creates too much space attempting to recover guard

Decision Making from This Position

If bottom player extends butterfly hook for sweep attempt:

• Execute Leg Weave Pass → Side Control (Probability: 65%)
• Execute Smash Pass → Side Control (Probability: 55%)

Else if bottom player attempts to recover full butterfly guard:

• Execute Knee Slice Pass → Side Control (Probability: 70%)
• Execute Long Step Pass → Side Control (Probability: 60%)

Else if bottom player creates underhook and attempts to come up:

• Execute Underhook Pass → Side Control (Probability: 65%)
• Execute Leg Drag Pass → Side Control (Probability: 45%)

Else if bottom player turns to turtle to escape:

• Execute Front Headlock Series → Front Headlock (Probability: 50%)
• Execute Turtle to Back Take → Back Control (Probability: 55%)

Common Offensive Mistakes

1. Standing too upright with weight off bottom player’s chest

• ❌ Consequence: Butterfly hook becomes fully effective and bottom player can generate powerful lifting mechanics for sweeps
• ✅ Correction: Drive chest forward and down onto bottom player’s upper body, keeping hips low to minimize hook’s leverage

2. Allowing bottom player to establish strong underhook on passing side

• ❌ Consequence: Bottom player can elevate top player’s weight and create sweeping opportunities or guard recovery
• ✅ Correction: Fight for overhook or underhook control, use crossface to prevent bottom player from turning into you

3. Keeping narrow base with knees too close together

• ❌ Consequence: Unstable platform makes top player vulnerable to sweeps and reduces ability to generate passing pressure
• ✅ Correction: Widen base with knees spread to create stable foundation while maintaining forward pressure

4. Focusing only on passing without controlling bottom player’s upper body

• ❌ Consequence: Bottom player can frame, create angles, and either sweep or recover full guard position
• ✅ Correction: Establish crossface or head control first, then work passing sequences with upper body secured

5. Allowing bottom player to create too much space between bodies

• ❌ Consequence: Bottom player can insert second butterfly hook, create frames, or initiate guard recovery sequences
• ✅ Correction: Maintain tight chest-to-chest connection with constant forward pressure to limit bottom player’s space

6. Committing weight too early to one passing direction

• ❌ Consequence: Bottom player reads commitment and can time sweeps or guard recoveries in opposite direction
• ✅ Correction: Use feints and weight shifts to create reactions before committing to specific passing lane

Training Drills for Attacks

Pressure Maintenance Drill

Bottom player maintains one butterfly hook while top player practices maintaining forward pressure and preventing hook effectiveness. Focus on weight distribution, chest pressure, and hip positioning. Bottom player provides progressive resistance, attempting to sweep when top player’s pressure weakens.

Duration: 3 minutes per round

Passing Chain Flow Drill

From half butterfly top, top player flows between different passing options (knee slice, smash pass, long step, leg drag) while bottom player provides 50% resistance and maintains one butterfly hook. Focus on smooth transitions between passing techniques and maintaining control throughout. Emphasize connection and pressure rather than speed.

Duration: 5 minutes continuous flow

Hook Neutralization Drill

Bottom player has one butterfly hook inserted and attempts to maximize its effectiveness. Top player practices various methods to neutralize the hook: weight distribution, hip positioning, leg weaving, and strategic grips. Restart position after each successful neutralization or sweep. Develops understanding of hook mechanics and counters.

Duration: 2 minutes per round

Reaction-Based Passing Drill

Top player maintains half butterfly top while bottom player randomly chooses between three defensive actions: sweep attempt, guard recovery, or turtle. Top player must recognize action and execute appropriate counter (leg weave for sweep, knee slice for recovery, take back from turtle). Develops pattern recognition and reactive passing.

Duration: 4 minutes per round

Optimal Submission Paths

High-percentage passing to submission

Half Butterfly Top → Knee Slice Pass → Side Control → Kimura from Side Control

Back attack opportunity

Half Butterfly Top → Turtle Transition → Turtle to Back Take → Back Control → Rear Naked Choke

Mount progression

Half Butterfly Top → Smash Pass → Side Control → Transition to Mount → Mount → Armbar from Mount

Pressure to arm attack

Half Butterfly Top → Underhook Pass → Side Control → Americana from Side Control

Success Rates and Statistics

Skill Level	Retention Rate	Advancement Probability	Submission Probability
Beginner	50%	45%	15%
Intermediate	65%	60%	25%
Advanced	75%	75%	35%

Average Time in Position: 30-90 seconds

Related Positions and Techniques

• Half Butterfly - Complementary position - opposite perspective
• Butterfly Guard - Parent position - starting point before partial pass
• Half Guard - Similar position - half guard variant from top
• Knee Shield Half Guard - Related variation - common transition point
• Knee Slice Pass - Primary technique - most common passing option
• Smash Pass - Primary technique - high-pressure passing option
• Underhook Pass - Counter technique - used when bottom player gets underhook
• Pressure Passing - Core concept - fundamental approach for this position
• Guard Passing Principles - Fundamental concept - theoretical framework
• Deep Half Guard - Common transition - where bottom player escapes