Worm Guard Bottom is an innovative lapel-based guard system developed by Keenan Cornelius that uses the opponent’s gi lapel woven through their own legs to create unique control and attack opportunities. The position combines lapel control with precise leg placement to create a control system that is extremely difficult to pass when executed correctly, while offering powerful sweeps and back take opportunities. The guard is established by extracting the opponent’s lapel (typically the same-side lapel), feeding it under their leg, and wrapping it around your own shin or foot to create a tight connection. This lapel weave creates a mechanical control that restricts the opponent’s movement and posture in ways that traditional guard systems cannot replicate. The position is heavily dependent on gi grips and cannot be applied in no-gi contexts. Worm guard excels against opponents who are unfamiliar with the system, as the control mechanisms and attack patterns are highly unusual compared to traditional guards. The position requires significant technical knowledge and practice to execute effectively, but rewards dedicated study with a guard system that can shut down even expert passers.

Position Definition

  • Opponent’s lapel extracted and woven under their own leg (typically near-side leg), creating the foundational control mechanism with lapel passing from outside to inside under their thigh
  • Lapel wrapped tightly around your shin or foot with constant tension maintained through pulling grip, creating locked connection that restricts opponent’s leg movement and prevents backward escape
  • Your leg threading through or hooking opponent’s leg with lapel wrapped around it, pinning their leg in place and preventing extraction which would collapse entire guard structure
  • Opposite side sleeve or pant grip established to break opponent’s symmetry and posture, making it impossible for them to establish stable base for passing pressure
  • Your hips positioned at optimal angle relative to opponent (typically perpendicular or slightly angled) to maximize off-balancing leverage despite lapel connection limiting some mobility
  • Free leg actively managing distance and creating frames to prevent opponent from closing distance for smash passing while maintaining proper ranges for sweeps and attacks

Prerequisites

  • Opponent wearing gi with accessible lapel that can be extracted and controlled
  • Open guard position established with sufficient space to access and manipulate opponent’s lapel
  • Ability to break opponent’s grips to free hands for lapel extraction and feeding sequence
  • Understanding of lapel feeding mechanics and proper weave depth under opponent’s leg
  • Opponent positioned close enough to establish lapel control but not yet in dominant passing position
  • Familiarity with basic lapel guard concepts and grip fighting strategies in gi

Key Defensive Principles

  • Lapel Weave Integrity: Maintain constant tension on the lapel wrapped through opponent’s leg and around your shin to preserve primary control mechanism
  • Leg Pin Control: Use lapel-wrapped leg to pin opponent’s leg in place, preventing backward escape or leg extraction which would break the guard
  • Opposite Side Disruption: Control opponent’s opposite sleeve to break symmetry and posture, making it impossible for them to establish stable passing pressure
  • Distance Management with Free Leg: Actively use free leg to manage optimal distance, preventing close-range smash while maintaining attack ranges
  • Hip Angle Adjustment: Constantly adjust hip angles despite lapel connection to create off-balancing forces that set up sweeps
  • Predictive Counter Strategy: Understand that worm guard forces opponent into limited passing options which you can anticipate and counter systematically
  • Grip Endurance Focus: Worm guard requires sustained grip strength on lapel and sleeve; develop grip endurance for extended exchanges

Available Escapes

Omoplata SweepMount

Success Rates:

  • Beginner: 25%
  • Intermediate: 45%
  • Advanced: 65%

Triangle SetupTriangle Control

Success Rates:

  • Beginner: 20%
  • Intermediate: 40%
  • Advanced: 60%

Omoplata to BackBack Control

Success Rates:

  • Beginner: 30%
  • Intermediate: 50%
  • Advanced: 70%

Lasso Guard SweepsSide Control

Success Rates:

  • Beginner: 25%
  • Intermediate: 45%
  • Advanced: 65%

X-Guard SweepMount

Success Rates:

  • Beginner: 30%
  • Intermediate: 50%
  • Advanced: 70%

De La Riva SweepSide Control

Success Rates:

  • Beginner: 25%
  • Intermediate: 45%
  • Advanced: 65%

Bolo SweepBack Control

Success Rates:

  • Beginner: 15%
  • Intermediate: 35%
  • Advanced: 55%

Triangle from GuardTriangle Control

Success Rates:

  • Beginner: 20%
  • Intermediate: 40%
  • Advanced: 60%

Opponent Counters

Counter-Attacks

Decision Making from This Position

If opponent establishes strong posture and attempts to break lapel grip by standing or pulling backward:

If opponent circles away from the lapel-wrapped leg trying to escape control mechanism:

If opponent drives forward with pressure attempting to smash through guard structure:

If opponent attempts to clear lapel wrap by extracting their trapped leg:

Common Defensive Mistakes

1. Losing lapel tension during transitions or adjustment movements

  • Consequence: Entire worm guard structure collapses if lapel loses tension, allowing opponent to extract leg and escape control system. Without tight lapel connection, position becomes ineffective standard open guard.
  • Correction: Maintain constant pulling pressure on lapel throughout position. Monitor lapel wrap around shin/foot to ensure it stays tight. If tension loosens, immediately adjust or transition to different position before opponent recognizes weakness.

2. Feeding lapel incorrectly with insufficient depth under opponent’s leg

  • Consequence: Incorrect lapel weave angle or depth makes control weak and easy to clear. Improper feed can also create false sense of security that collapses under pressure.
  • Correction: Practice deliberate lapel feeding—pull ample lapel material, feed deep under their leg (not shallow), wrap tightly around your shin/foot with proper tension. Seek coaching on exact mechanics of lapel weave to ensure proper execution.

3. Neglecting opposite side sleeve or pant control while focusing solely on lapel

  • Consequence: Opponent can establish stable base and posture with free arm, allowing them to generate passing pressure or clear lapel control more easily.
  • Correction: Always maintain grip on opponent’s opposite sleeve or pant to break their symmetry. This grip is equally important as lapel control—it prevents them from establishing stable passing structure.

4. Allowing opponent to close distance without using free leg to manage space

  • Consequence: Opponent can collapse distance and initiate smash passing sequences that neutralize worm guard’s off-balancing mechanics and make sweeps less effective.
  • Correction: Actively use free leg to create frames and manage distance. Push opponent away when they try to close distance, maintaining optimal range for your attacks while preventing their passing attempts.

5. Remaining static with hip positioning instead of creating angles for sweeps

  • Consequence: Without dynamic hip movement, sweeps become weak and telegraphed. Opponent can anchor their base against predictable attack angles.
  • Correction: Continuously adjust hip angles relative to opponent to create off-balancing forces. Move hips perpendicular, at angles, or in circles to generate momentum for sweeps and keep opponent off-balance.

6. Failing to recognize when lapel control is compromised and attempting to force position

  • Consequence: Continuing to play worm guard after lapel connection is broken wastes energy and allows opponent to advance position while you attempt ineffective techniques.
  • Correction: Develop sensitivity to recognize when lapel control is truly lost versus temporarily loosened. When compromised, immediately transition to alternative guard (spider, lasso, DLR) rather than forcing broken worm guard structure.

Training Drills for Defense

Lapel Extraction and Weave Repetition Drill

Start in open guard. Practice extracting opponent’s lapel, feeding it under their leg at various depths, and wrapping around your shin. Reset and repeat 20 times per side. Focus on speed and precision of lapel manipulation. Partner provides light resistance, gradually increasing as proficiency improves.

Duration: 5 minutes per side

Worm Guard Retention Against Passing Attempts

Establish full worm guard position. Partner attempts to pass using various methods (knee slice, toreando, long step, pressure) while you maintain lapel tension and use principles to retain guard. 3-minute rounds, focusing purely on retention without attempting sweeps. Partner gradually increases passing intensity.

Duration: 3-minute rounds, 5 rounds

Sweep Chain Flow Drill from Worm Guard

Partner in worm guard, you attempt smooth chains: omoplata sweep → triangle setup → X-guard sweep → back take. Flow through sequences with moderate resistance. Focus on maintaining lapel control throughout transitions and creating proper angles for each attack. Switch roles every 5 minutes.

Duration: 10 minutes total

Grip Fighting for Worm Guard Establishment

Start in neutral open guard. Both partners grip fight—you attempt to establish worm guard (extract lapel, feed, wrap) while partner prevents it and attempts to establish passing grips. When worm guard is established or pass is initiated, reset. Develops realistic timing for worm guard entries under resistance.

Duration: 4-minute rounds, 4 rounds

Escape and Survival Paths

Shortest path to triangle submission

Worm Guard Bottom → Triangle Setup → Triangle Control → Triangle from Guard

High-percentage path to omoplata

Worm Guard Bottom → Omoplata Sweep → Omoplata Control → Omoplata from Guard

Back attack path

Worm Guard Bottom → Omoplata to Back → Back Control → Rear Naked Choke

Sweep to armbar chain

Worm Guard Bottom → X-Guard Sweep → Mount → Armbar from Mount

Alternative triangle finish path

Worm Guard Bottom → Lasso Guard Sweeps → Mount → Triangle from Mount

Success Rates and Statistics

Skill LevelRetention RateAdvancement ProbabilitySubmission Probability
Beginner30%30%20%
Intermediate50%50%35%
Advanced70%70%50%

Average Time in Position: 1-3 minutes

Expert Analysis

John Danaher

Worm guard represents a fascinating evolution in guard technology—it’s a position that uses the opponent’s own equipment to create mechanical constraints that didn’t exist in traditional guards. The genius of the system lies in how the lapel weave creates a connection that restricts the opponent’s movement in a very specific way: they cannot extract their leg backward without first clearing the lapel, and they cannot clear the lapel without committing their upper body in ways that open sweep opportunities. This creates what I call a ‘mechanical trap’—the structure itself forces the opponent into predictable responses. The position requires significant technical investment to master, but once you understand the core mechanics of lapel tension maintenance and angle creation, it becomes a remarkably effective control system. The key is understanding that worm guard is not just about the lapel grip—it’s about creating a system where every defensive option your opponent has leads to a specific offensive opportunity for you.

Gordon Ryan

I don’t personally use worm guard because I compete no-gi primarily, but I’ve trained extensively with Keenan and I respect the system deeply. When executed correctly by someone who truly understands it, it’s incredibly frustrating to pass even when you know exactly what’s coming. The guard works because it forces the passer into very specific responses, which you can anticipate and counter systematically. If I were competing gi more, I would absolutely invest serious time in worm guard because it gives such a huge advantage against opponents who haven’t specifically trained the counters. It’s a high-investment, high-return guard system—you need to put in significant mat time to make it work, but once you have it, you can shut down passers who are technically better than you in other areas. The psychological aspect is huge too—when you lock in worm guard on someone unfamiliar with it, you can see the frustration building as nothing they try works the way it should.

Eddie Bravo

Worm guard is absolutely fascinating because it’s such a recent innovation that shows BJJ is still evolving rapidly at the highest levels. Keenan took the lapel concept and created an entirely new guard system that literally didn’t exist before—that’s the spirit of innovation I love and try to cultivate in 10th Planet. While I focus more on no-gi systems where lapels aren’t available, the underlying principles of worm guard—using your opponent’s equipment against them, creating unusual control mechanics that feel foreign and uncomfortable—these concepts are universal. In 10th Planet, we think about similar ideas with lockdown and rubber guard, where we’re creating control systems that feel completely alien to opponents who haven’t trained them. The worm guard philosophy of making the opponent uncomfortable and forcing them into limited options where you can predict and counter their movements—that’s exactly what we try to do with our systems. It’s proof that there are still new positions and control systems waiting to be discovered if you’re willing to experiment and think outside traditional frameworks.