Top underhook control represents one of the most powerful pressure-passing and position-consolidating tools available to the top practitioner in Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu. When navigating half guard, quarter guard, or side control transitions from top position, securing the underhook creates immediate mechanical advantages that enable passes, back takes, and submission entries. The top underhook drives under the opponent’s arm from the outside, connecting your chest to their shoulder and creating direct pressure that flattens them to the mat while restricting their hip mobility.

The offensive power of top underhook control stems from its ability to eliminate the bottom player’s defensive structure while simultaneously creating passing angles and advancement opportunities. When properly executed, the top underhook drives the opponent’s shoulder toward the mat, collapsing their frames and preventing them from creating the space necessary for guard retention or sweeps. This pressure-based control method integrates perfectly with crossface positioning, where your shoulder drives into their face while your underhook controls their far shoulder, creating a crushing pressure system that overwhelms defensive efforts.

Top underhook control functions as both a transitional tool and a position in its own right. Skilled passers use the underhook to establish immediate control when entering opponent’s guard, creating the pressure necessary to advance through quarter guard and into side control. The underhook simultaneously prevents bottom player offensive actions—it neutralizes sweep attempts by controlling their ability to turn into you, eliminates back take opportunities by keeping them flattened, and creates submission opportunities through arm isolation and neck exposure. This multi-functional control makes top underhook positioning essential for any pressure-passing system.

The strategic value of top underhook control extends into the psychological dimension of positional warfare. When you consistently establish top underhook control, you force opponents into uncomfortable positions where their offensive options become severely limited. Bottom players facing skilled underhook pressure must expend significant energy fighting to recover their frames and create space, leading to fatigue and defensive errors. This strategic pressure creates the conditions for successful passes even when individual techniques face resistance—the cumulative effect of sustained pressure overwhelms defensive structures.

Modern pressure-passing systems have elevated top underhook control into sophisticated position chains that integrate with leg weaves, knee cuts, and body lock positions. Top players now use underhook control to create dilemmas where bottom players must choose between defending the pass and defending the back take, with either choice leading to positional advancement. Understanding top underhook control as a foundational pressure tool provides the structural knowledge necessary for developing complete passing systems that apply across weight classes, rule sets, and competition formats.

Position Definition

  • The top practitioner’s arm penetrates under the opponent’s near arm from the outside, with the hand connecting to their far shoulder or driving past to establish deep control. This outside-to-inside penetration creates the pressure angle necessary to flatten the bottom player and restrict hip mobility.
  • The top practitioner maintains chest pressure driving toward the mat through the underhook connection, creating downward force that collapses the bottom player’s defensive frames. This pressure vector prevents the bottom player from elevating their inside hip or creating space for guard recovery.
  • The top practitioner’s head position establishes secondary control, typically driving crossface pressure or maintaining head control that prevents the bottom player from turning into the underhook or creating off-balancing opportunities.

Prerequisites

  • Top player has established position in or near opponent’s guard or half guard
  • Top player has created angle or pressure opportunity to penetrate underhook from outside
  • Bottom player has not yet established strong inside frames or deep underhook themselves
  • Top player maintains base and posture sufficient to drive pressure through underhook connection

Key Offensive Principles

  • The top underhook must drive downward pressure continuously—upward pressure invites bottom player movement
  • Coordinate underhook pressure with crossface control to create complete upper body domination
  • Use underhook to drive opponent to their side, creating passing angles and eliminating guard retention
  • The underhook enables leg-free passing by controlling upper body while legs advance position
  • Maintain heavy hip pressure driving toward opponent’s hips to prevent explosive escapes
  • Top underhook creates back take opportunities when bottom player attempts to turn away
  • Transition between underhook passing and other passing methods to prevent adaptation and stalling

Available Attacks

Underhook PassSide Control

Success Rates:

  • Beginner: 50%
  • Intermediate: 65%
  • Advanced: 80%

Knee Cut PassSide Control

Success Rates:

  • Beginner: 45%
  • Intermediate: 60%
  • Advanced: 75%

Crossface PassSide Control

Success Rates:

  • Beginner: 50%
  • Intermediate: 65%
  • Advanced: 80%

Kimura to Back TakeBack Control

Success Rates:

  • Beginner: 35%
  • Intermediate: 50%
  • Advanced: 65%

Back Take GenericBack Control

Success Rates:

  • Beginner: 40%
  • Intermediate: 55%
  • Advanced: 70%

Transition to MountMount

Success Rates:

  • Beginner: 40%
  • Intermediate: 55%
  • Advanced: 70%

Transition to North-SouthNorth-South

Success Rates:

  • Beginner: 45%
  • Intermediate: 60%
  • Advanced: 75%

Leg Weave PassSide Control

Success Rates:

  • Beginner: 35%
  • Intermediate: 50%
  • Advanced: 65%

Darce SetupD’arce Control

Success Rates:

  • Beginner: 30%
  • Intermediate: 45%
  • Advanced: 60%

Anaconda SetupAnaconda Control

Success Rates:

  • Beginner: 30%
  • Intermediate: 45%
  • Advanced: 60%

Body Lock PassSide Control

Success Rates:

  • Beginner: 45%
  • Intermediate: 60%
  • Advanced: 75%

Opponent Escapes

Escape Counters

Decision Making from This Position

If bottom player establishes their own inside underhook and attempts to come up or sweep:

If bottom player remains flat or defensive without establishing strong inside frames:

If bottom player turns away to escape underhook pressure or crossface:

If bottom player creates distance with frames and attempts to recover full guard:

Common Offensive Mistakes

1. Pulling upward on the underhook instead of driving downward pressure

  • Consequence: Lifting creates space underneath your body, allowing bottom player to elevate their hip, create angles, and execute sweeps or guard recovery. Your pressure becomes neutralized completely
  • Correction: Drive underhook pressure downward toward the mat continuously. Think of pushing opponent’s shoulder into the ground rather than pulling them toward you. Weight drives through the underhook connection

2. Neglecting crossface control while focusing entirely on underhook

  • Consequence: Bottom player establishes head control or inside position, enabling them to turn into you for sweeps or create off-balancing opportunities. Underhook alone provides incomplete control
  • Correction: Coordinate underhook with crossface pressure where your shoulder drives into opponent’s face. This dual control eliminates their ability to turn and creates complete upper body domination

3. Allowing hips to rise high above opponent’s hips during underhook control

  • Consequence: High hips create space for bottom player to shrimp, recover guard, or insert knee shields. Your pressure becomes ineffective and passes stall
  • Correction: Keep your hips low and driving toward opponent’s hips. Maintain heavy hip pressure that pins them flat while your underhook controls their upper body

4. Maintaining static underhook position without advancing or creating new angles

  • Consequence: Bottom player adapts to static pressure, establishes defensive frames, and neutralizes your passing attempts. Referees may penalize for stalling in competition
  • Correction: Use underhook as foundation for continuous advancement. Chain together knee cuts, leg weaves, and position transitions rather than holding static pressure

5. Exposing your own neck by overcommitting to underhook pressure without protecting head position

  • Consequence: Bottom player establishes guillotine grips or front headlock control, creating dangerous submission threats that force you to abandon your pass
  • Correction: Maintain head position tight to opponent’s shoulder or far side of their body. Never allow space for them to insert their arm around your neck during underhook advances

6. Failing to control opponent’s far leg while focusing on upper body underhook control

  • Consequence: Bottom player uses far leg to create leverage for sweeps, especially old school or hook sweeps that exploit your weight commitment to upper body
  • Correction: Coordinate underhook control with leg control strategies. Use your free hand to post on their far knee or hip, preventing leverage for sweeps while underhook controls upper body

Training Drills for Attacks

Underhook Establishment Against Resistance

Top player starts in half guard pass position. Bottom player uses hand fighting to prevent underhook establishment. Top player uses angle creation, pressure timing, and grip fighting to penetrate deep underhook against active resistance. Reset and repeat.

Duration: 5 minutes

Underhook Pass Chain Drill

From top underhook control, top player attempts knee cut pass, then transitions to leg weave if defended, then crossface pass if further defended. Practice smooth transition chaining without resetting to starting position.

Duration: 5 minutes

Underhook to Back Take

Bottom player attempts to turn away from underhook pressure. Top player immediately transitions to back take, maintaining underhook control throughout the transition. Practice recognizing turn timing and securing back control smoothly.

Duration: 4 minutes

Pressure Maintenance Drill

Top player maintains underhook with crossface while bottom player uses explosive movements to create space and escape. Top player focuses on keeping constant downward pressure and maintaining control through dynamic movements.

Duration: 4 minutes

Optimal Submission Paths

Underhook Pass to Mount Armbar

Underhook Control Top → Underhook Pass → Side Control → Transition to Mount → Armbar from Mount

Underhook to Back to Choke

Underhook Control Top → Back Take Generic → Back Control → Rear Naked Choke

Underhook to Darce Finish

Underhook Control Top → Darce Setup → D'arce Control → Darce Choke

Kimura from Underhook

Underhook Control Top → Kimura to Back Take → Kimura Control → Kimura

Success Rates and Statistics

Skill LevelRetention RateAdvancement ProbabilitySubmission Probability
Beginner55%50%20%
Intermediate70%65%35%
Advanced85%80%50%

Average Time in Position: 20-60 seconds before pass completion or position transition

Expert Analysis

John Danaher

Top underhook control represents the most mechanically efficient pressure-passing method because it directly addresses the primary defensive structure available to bottom players—their inside frames and hip mobility. When you establish a deep underhook from top position, you create a direct pressure vector from your chest through their shoulder to the mat, collapsing their defensive frames and eliminating the space necessary for guard retention. The critical technical detail most practitioners overlook is the coordination between underhook pressure and crossface control—the underhook alone provides incomplete control, but when combined with your shoulder driving into their face, you create a pressure system that overwhelms defensive efforts. The top underhook also creates a strategic dilemma for bottom players: if they turn away to escape the pressure, they expose their back; if they turn toward you to fight the underhook, they give up the pass. This forced choice makes underhook-based passing exceptionally high percentage at all skill levels. Master the coordination of downward underhook pressure, crossface control, and low hip positioning to create pressure passing that reliably advances position against any opponent.

Gordon Ryan

In my passing game, top underhook control is the foundation that enables everything else—once I establish that underhook, I know I’m going to pass eventually because bottom players cannot maintain their defensive structure under sustained pressure. The key is driving constant downward pressure through the underhook while keeping my hips heavy and low. Too many passers make the mistake of pulling up on the underhook or letting their hips rise, which creates space for bottom players to recover. My approach is to make it absolutely miserable for them—constant pressure, constant advancement, never giving them a chance to breathe or reset their frames. I love combining the underhook with knee cuts because the underhook controls their upper body while my knee cuts through their leg defenses, creating passes they cannot stop. Against high-level opponents, I’ll use the underhook to create back take opportunities when they try to turn away from the pressure—some of my best back takes come directly from underhook passing positions when opponents make the mistake of turning. The underhook gives you control of the fundamental exchange in passing—control their shoulder, control their ability to move, and you control the entire position.

Eddie Bravo

Top underhook control is where a lot of traditional pressure passing meets innovative submission opportunities, especially in no-gi where the positions flow faster without gi grips slowing things down. When I’m on top with an underhook, I’m not just thinking about passing—I’m looking for darce chokes, anacondas, and kimura traps that open up when bottom players fight the pressure. The beauty of underhook control is it creates multiple threats: if they stay flat, you pass; if they try to come up, you catch darce or anaconda; if they try to turn away, you take the back. That’s the dilemma approach applied to passing—every defensive choice they make gives you a different offensive opportunity. In the 10th Planet system, we integrate underhook passing with our leg attack game because once you pass half guard with an underhook, you’re perfectly positioned to transition into leg entanglements if they try to recover guard. The underhook becomes the bridge between passing and leg locks, creating a complete offensive system. Don’t just think of the underhook as a passing tool—think of it as the control position that opens up your entire submission game from top.