SAFETY: Kimura from North-South targets the Shoulder joint, rotator cuff, and surrounding ligaments. Risk: Rotator cuff tear (supraspinatus, infraspinatus, subscapularis damage). Release immediately upon tap.

The Kimura from North-South is a powerful shoulder lock that exploits the vulnerable arm position inherent to north-south control. This submission represents a high-percentage finishing option from one of the most stable top positions in Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu. The north-south position provides exceptional control over the opponent’s upper body while creating natural opportunities to isolate and attack the near-side arm. When the opponent frames or attempts to create space, their arm becomes exposed to the figure-four grip that characterizes the Kimura lock. The mechanical advantage from north-south is significant—you can generate rotational pressure on the shoulder joint while maintaining heavy chest pressure that prevents hip escape. The angle of attack differs from traditional side control or guard-based Kimuras, requiring adaptations in grip placement and finishing mechanics. Understanding the proper application speed and safety protocols is essential, as the north-south angle can generate extreme leverage on the shoulder complex with minimal warning to training partners.

From Position: North-South (Top)

Key Attacking Principles

What are the key principles for executing Kimura from North-South?

  • Maintain heavy chest pressure throughout the attack to prevent escape via hip movement
  • Isolate the near-side arm by controlling the wrist before establishing the figure-four grip
  • Position your hips perpendicular to opponent’s body to maximize rotational leverage
  • Use your head pressure on opponent’s far shoulder to prevent them turning into you
  • Create the figure-four grip with your arms forming a strong structural frame
  • Apply rotational pressure away from opponent’s head while lifting the elbow upward
  • Monitor partner’s tap signals constantly as north-south angle creates rapid joint stress

Prerequisites

What do you need before attempting Kimura from North-South?

  • Establish stable north-south control with chest pressure across opponent’s sternum and diaphragm
  • Opponent’s near-side arm must be extended or framing against your body (not trapped under their body)
  • Your hips positioned perpendicular to opponent’s torso for maximum leverage angle
  • Control opponent’s far shoulder with your head pressure to prevent them turning away
  • Your base is wide and stable with knees spread to resist opponent’s hip escape attempts
  • Grip control established on opponent’s wrist before committing to the figure-four lock

Execution Steps

How do you execute Kimura from North-South step by step?

  1. Secure North-South Control: From north-south position, distribute your weight heavily across opponent’s chest and upper torso. Your head should pressure their far shoulder to prevent rotation. Spread your knees wide for base and position your hips perpendicular to their body. The opponent will naturally frame or push against your body with their near-side arm, creating the opportunity for attack. (Timing: 2-3 seconds to establish stable control)
  2. Isolate and Control the Wrist: As opponent extends their near-side arm to frame or create space, thread your arm closest to their legs underneath their forearm. Capture their wrist with a firm grip, pulling it slightly away from their body. Your grip should be palm-to-palm with your thumb toward their thumb, creating strong wrist control that prevents them from pulling the arm back to safety. (Timing: 1-2 seconds to secure wrist control)
  3. Establish Figure-Four Grip: While maintaining wrist control with your lower hand, reach your upper arm (the one near their head) over the top of their arm and grab your own wrist to complete the figure-four configuration. Your upper arm’s elbow should be positioned over their elbow, creating a strong structural frame. Ensure your grip is tight and your arms form a solid mechanical connection—any looseness here reduces your leverage significantly. (Timing: 2-3 seconds to establish secure grip)
  4. Adjust Hip Position and Create Angle: With the figure-four secured, adjust your hips to optimize leverage. Your hips should remain perpendicular to opponent’s body. Some practitioners step their leg closest to opponent’s head across and over to create additional base. Maintain chest pressure while creating slight space for your arms to work. The angle is critical—you want your body positioned so that rotating away from opponent’s head creates maximum torque on their shoulder. (Timing: 1-2 seconds for positioning)
  5. Apply Lifting Pressure to Elbow: Begin the submission by lifting opponent’s elbow upward toward the ceiling while maintaining your figure-four grip. This lifting motion creates initial stress on the shoulder joint. Your upper arm (the one controlling the elbow) does most of the work here. Keep your elbows tight to your body for maximum mechanical efficiency. Apply this pressure SLOWLY over 2-3 seconds, monitoring carefully for tap signals. (Timing: 2-3 seconds progressive pressure)
  6. Rotate Arm Away from Head: While maintaining upward elbow pressure, begin rotating their entire arm away from their head—toward their legs. This rotational movement creates extreme torque on the shoulder joint, particularly the rotator cuff and anterior capsule. The combination of lifting and rotating generates the submission. Apply this rotation EXTREMELY SLOWLY over 3-4 seconds. The north-south angle creates deceptive leverage—what feels like moderate pressure to you is intense stress on their shoulder. Stop immediately at any tap signal. (Timing: 3-4 seconds with progressive pressure)
  7. Control and Finish: Continue the controlled rotation while maintaining all other pressure points—chest weight, head pressure on far shoulder, and figure-four grip integrity. If opponent attempts to roll toward the submission to relieve pressure, maintain your hip position and follow their movement while keeping the rotational stress constant. The submission finishes when shoulder joint stress forces the tap. In training, stop well before maximum pressure and release immediately upon tap. (Timing: Variable based on opponent response—always controlled)

Possible Outcomes

ResultPositionProbability
Successgame-over60%
FailureNorth-South25%
CounterHalf Guard15%

Opponent Defenses

How might your opponent defend against Kimura from North-South?

  • Opponent pulls elbow tight to body and hides arm (Effectiveness: High) - Your Response: Before they can fully retract the arm, use your chest pressure and head position to bait them into re-extending the arm to create space. Alternatively, transition to far-side armbar or switch to alternative attacks like the north-south choke to force them to react. → Leads to North-South
  • Opponent rolls toward the submission (into you) to relieve shoulder pressure (Effectiveness: Medium) - Your Response: Follow their roll by moving your hips in the same direction while maintaining the figure-four grip. As they roll toward you, they often expose their back—be prepared to transition to back control by releasing the Kimura and establishing seat belt control. → Leads to Half Guard
  • Opponent bridges explosively to disrupt your base (Effectiveness: Medium) - Your Response: Maintain wide knee base and heavy chest pressure to absorb the bridge. If they create significant disruption, temporarily release rotational pressure (not the grip) and reestablish positional control before continuing the submission. Prioritize position maintenance over submission completion. → Leads to North-South
  • Opponent grabs their own belt or gi pants with trapped hand (grip fighting) (Effectiveness: Low) - Your Response: This defensive grip actually immobilizes their arm in a vulnerable position. Maintain your figure-four and continue applying rotational pressure—their own defensive grip prevents them from following the rotation, increasing joint stress. They will typically release the grip quickly once pressure increases. → Leads to game-over

Common Attacking Mistakes

What mistakes should you avoid when executing Kimura from North-South?

1. Applying submission too quickly without progressive pressure

  • Consequence: High risk of shoulder injury to training partner, potentially causing rotator cuff tears or labral damage before they can safely tap
  • Correction: Always apply the submission over minimum 5-7 seconds with gradually increasing pressure. The north-south angle creates deceptive leverage—be extra cautious with application speed.

2. Loosening chest pressure while attempting the Kimura

  • Consequence: Opponent can hip escape or roll out, defeating the submission and potentially escaping to a neutral or superior position
  • Correction: Maintain constant heavy chest pressure throughout the entire submission sequence. Your weight distribution should remain primarily on opponent’s upper torso even as your arms work the figure-four lock.

3. Poor figure-four grip with loose or improper hand positioning

  • Consequence: Loss of mechanical leverage allows opponent to straighten their arm or slip out of the lock, wasting the positional opportunity
  • Correction: Ensure your wrist-to-wrist grip is tight with proper thumb alignment. Your upper arm’s elbow must be positioned directly over opponent’s elbow to create a solid structural frame. Check grip integrity before applying pressure.

4. Hips aligned parallel with opponent’s body instead of perpendicular

  • Consequence: Significantly reduced rotational leverage makes finishing the submission difficult, and opponent can more easily defend or escape
  • Correction: Adjust your hips so they form a perpendicular angle to opponent’s torso. This positioning maximizes your ability to generate rotational torque on their shoulder joint while maintaining control.

5. Focusing only on rotation without upward lifting pressure on elbow

  • Consequence: Incomplete submission mechanics allow opponent to defend by keeping their elbow close to their body, reducing shoulder joint stress
  • Correction: Apply upward lifting pressure on their elbow first, then add rotation. The combination of lifting and rotating creates the full submission—either component alone is less effective.

6. Continuing submission after tap or distress signals

  • Consequence: Severe injury risk including rotator cuff tears, shoulder dislocation, or ligament damage requiring surgical intervention
  • Correction: Release immediately at first sign of tap or distress. Err on the side of caution—if you sense discomfort, stop and check verbally. Safety always supersedes submission completion in training.

Training Progressions

How do you train Kimura from North-South (Attacker)?

Phase 1: Grip Mechanics and Positioning - Figure-four grip acquisition and hip alignment Drill the figure-four grip from north-south against a non-resisting partner. Focus on proper wrist-to-wrist connection, elbow-over-elbow placement, and perpendicular hip alignment. Perform 20-30 repetitions per side, isolating the grip establishment without applying any finishing pressure. Build muscle memory for the grip path and ensure your chest pressure remains constant while your arms work.

Phase 2: Controlled Finishing Mechanics - Slow-pressure application and safety awareness With the grip established, practice the two-part finishing sequence: upward elbow lift followed by rotational pressure away from the head. Apply pressure at 30-40% intensity with a cooperative partner, taking 8-10 seconds to complete each repetition. Partner provides verbal feedback on pressure progression and taps early. Develop sensitivity to the deceptive leverage angle and internalize the minimum 5-7 second application speed.

Phase 3: Entry Chains and Counter Recognition - Integrating setups and responding to defensive reactions Practice entering the Kimura from multiple north-south scenarios: after a failed north-south choke attempt, when opponent frames to create space, and during transitions from side control. Partner provides moderate resistance and uses common defensive reactions (hiding the arm, bridging, rolling toward you). Develop the ability to recognize which entry is appropriate and flow between the Kimura and alternative attacks when defended.

Phase 4: Live Positional Sparring - Full resistance application with submission chains Positional sparring starting from north-south with the specific goal of finishing the Kimura or transitioning to an alternative attack. Partner defends with full resistance. Focus on maintaining positional control while hunting the submission, recognizing when to abandon the Kimura for back takes or north-south chokes, and managing energy throughout extended exchanges. Rounds of 3-5 minutes with reset to north-south after each escape or submission.